questions 1, 2 and 3 The CHROMOSOME SHUFFLE: Discussion Let\'s take it a little

Question

questions 1, 2 and 3

The CHROMOSOME SHUFFLE: Discussion Let's take it a little further than Zimmer did with chromosome rearrangements: if you don't know what each TERM means, search for it in your notes or on the internet. In each Alpha-Analogy, Centromere locatio For each TERM below, follow steps 1-3 1. Search for definition of each TERM 2. Find the Description that best fits that definition; place its letter to the right of that TERM 3. Find the Alpha Analogy that best fits that definition; place its number to the left of that TERM (AA numbers only) (D letters only) Alpha Analogy Description 1. ABCDEFGHLKJIMNOP 2. ABCDIHGOFEJKLMNOP 3. ABCFOGHUKLMNOP 4. ABCDEFOGHUUKLMNOP S.ABCDEFOGHIUKLCDMNOP TERM tandem repeat(duplication) Robertsonian translocation pericentric inversion A. whole arm of chromosome transferred B. piece of chromosome removed C. piece near centromere reversed D. piece copied and inserted elsewhere E. piece including centromere is reversed F. piece copied and added next to original piece deletion paracentric inversion translocation 6. ABCDEFOGHIJKLMNOPWXY2 7. Summarize the anti-evolutionist point of view as outlined in the excerpt from Apologetics Press. According to them why must chromosome number remain constant? 8. What is Carl Zimmer's first complaint with the Apologetics Press' rebuttal? 9. How did Carl Zimmer contradict the "constant chromosome number" criticism found in Apologetics Press? 10. What is a centromere? 11. What is a telomere? 12. Recent studies indicate other peculiarities to chromosome #2. Elaborate?

Explanation / Answer

A chromosome inversion is a detachment, 180° rotation, and reinsertion of part of a chromosome. Inversions may occur in nature as a result of mechanical shear, or from the action of transposable elements (special DNA sequences capable of facilitating the rearrangement of chromosome segments with the help of enzymes that cut and paste DNA sequences). Unless they disrupt a gene sequence, inversions only change the orientation of genes and are likely to have more mild effects than aneuploid errors. However, altered gene orientation can result in functional changes because regulators of gene expression could be moved out of position with respect to their targets, causing aberrant levels of gene products.

An inversion can be pericentric and include the centromere, or paracentric and occur outside of the centromere

IN DELETION PART OF CHROMOSOME IS DELETED.

In tandem repeat, the part of the chromosome is removed and arranged near the original piece.

In translocation part of the chromosome is removed and attached at other places.

Tandem repeat

F

4

- Robertsonian translocation-

A

6

Pericentric inversion-

E

2

Deletion-

B

3

Paracentric inversion

C

1

Translocation-

D

5

Tandem repeat

F

4

- Robertsonian translocation-

A

6

Pericentric inversion-

E

2

Deletion-

B

3

Paracentric inversion

C

1

Translocation-

D

5

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