questions 1,2,3 In an aqueous solution of sodium carbonate, Na_2CO_3, the follow

Question

questions 1,2,3

In an aqueous solution of sodium carbonate, Na_2CO_3, the following equilibrium occurs: CI_3^2 (aq) + H_2O(l) HCO_3^- (aq) + OH^- (aq) How would the addition of solid sodium hydrogen carbonate, NaHCO_3, affect the equilibrium? Briefly explain your answer. If a small volume of HCl solution was added, how would the above equilibrium be changed. Briefly explain you answer. Carbon monoxide, CO, and hydrogen, H_2, gasses are produced if water vapor is passed over carbon (graphite). C(s) + H_2O(g) CO(g) + H_2 (g) The reaction is endothermic. If the temperature is increased, how will the equilibrium be affected Briefly explain your answer.

Explanation / Answer

1 ) the equilibrium position will not shift on addition of NaHCO3 to the mixture. because solid has no effect on equilibrium position it does not contain free ions so no shift in position of equilibrium

2) on addition of HCl solution equilibrium position shifts to the forward direction. because the H+ ions coming from HCl are react with OH - in the equilibrium . if OH- concentration decreases the reaction shifts where OH- concentration increases side.

OH- + H+ -------------------> H2O

3)

on incresing temperature the equilibrium shifts to the forward direction. because the reaction is endothermic reaction. endothermic reactions are favourable at high temperatures and exothermic reactions are favourable at low temperatures . so on increases T the equilibrium shifts to the forward direction and on decrease in temp the equilibrium shifts to the backward direction

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