Case 5: SCID Part 2 1. Martin received a killed (inactivated) polio vaccine. Had

Question

Case 5: SCID Part 2

1. Martin received a killed (inactivated) polio vaccine. Had he received a live attenuated polio vaccine instead, he would have developed poliomyelitis. Fortunately, Martin escaped being given any live vaccines before he was diagnosed. In many countries (not the U.S.), infants are universally given Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG), an attenuated (weakened) form of the tuberculosis bacteria, which provides partial protection against tuberculosis infection. BCG incites a cell-mediated immune response and after received it, infants become tuberculin-positive (which means they show a hypersensitivity response to tuberculin protein, showing that the individual has antibodies against tuberculin antigen). What do you think happens to infants with SCID who are given BCG?

2. Although transplantation of maternal bone marrow cells resulted in successful T cell reconstitution, martin remained unable to produce antibodies. What could be causing this result and is an alternative therapy for reconstituting immune function in Martin?

Explanation / Answer

Ans

1)

SCID means severe combined immunodeficiency syndrome are group of disorders in which there is t cell deficiency in the body.

For BCG vaccine there must be cell mediated immunity to be effective vaccine effect throughout life.

But in case of SCID, due to lack of cell mediated immunity BCG vaccine is contraindicated in these patients due to fatal complications of BCG vaccine.

BCG vaccine can leads to higher morbidity and mortality due to complications.

Complications are localized lymphadenitis, abscess formation, fistula formation and hypersensitivity syndromes.

2)

Martin remained unabled to produce antibodies having successful T cell reconstitution because of lack or altered B cell function.

Alternative therapy is intravenous immunoglobins injections should be administered at frequent intervals.

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