4. The rate at which mutations occur in the cells within a tumor is most likely

Question

4. The rate at which mutations occur in the cells within a tumor is most likely

A. The same as in normal cells of that tissue type. B. Less frequent than in normal cells of that tissue type. C. More frequent than in normal cells of that tissue type.

D. Affected by genome instability within the tumor cells. E. C and D.

5. When experimental mice are treated with DMBA and TPA to induce the formation of papillomas, TPA

A. Serves as the initiating agent.

B. Serves as the promoting agent.

C. Must be administered multiple times in order for papillomas to form.

D. B and C.

E. None of the above.

Explanation / Answer

Q4) Affected by genome instability within the tumor cells.

Q5) B and C.

Genome instability cause multiple mutation in the tumor cells

TPA a potent tumor promoter often employed in cancer research to activate the signal transduction enzyme protein kinase C (PKC).

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