Clinical Applications 1. A 1-year-old infant was lethargic and had a fever. Whe

Question

Clinical Applications 1. A 1-year-old infant was lethargic and had a fever. Whe to the hospital, he had multiple brain abscesses with gram-n coccobacill.Identify the disease, etiology, and treatment, negative 2. A 40-year-old bird handler was admitted to the hospital with soreness over his upper jaw, progressive vision loss, and bladde dysfunction. He had been well 2 months earlier. Within he lost reflexes in his lower extremities and subsequently died. Examination of CSF showed lymphocytes. What etiology do you suspect? What further information do you need? weeks 3. A normal baby gained weight appropriately for 12 weeks. Then she stopped feeding. Her right eardrum was inflamed, she had a stiff neck, and her temperature was 40°C. Examination of CSF revealed Gram-negative coccobacilli. Identify the disease and treatment

Explanation / Answer

1) With the observed symptom seen in the infant we can say that the infant is infected with Haemophilus influenza which is gram negative coocobaccili which causes meningitis a disease where inflammation of nervous system occurs which impairs the nervous system and causes symptoms like neurologic seizures, stiff neck, hearing loss and lethargic condition. Infection generally spread though sneezing, coughing or touching. This can be treated with antibiotics like antibiotic ceftriaxone, or cefotaxime given intravenously. Children’s can be prevented with the disease with vaccination.

2) The person might have infected with Avian Tuberculosis which is generally seen in birds. It affects the respiratory tract and here the person is seen with soreness in upper jaw probably the symptom of Avian Tuberculosis and later impairs the immune system.

Acid fast test needs to be done to confirm the causative agent and to determine the correct antibiotic to be used.

3) The disease might bacterial meningitis caused by Haemophilus influenza. Treatment option would be Ceftriaxone. Apart from this penicillin antibiotic can also used depending upon susceptibility.

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