Academic Integrity: tutoring, explanations, and feedback — we don’t complete graded work or submit on a student’s behalf.

One half of a kilogram of liquid water at 273 K (0 °C) is placed outside on a da

ID: 1612053 • Letter: O

Question

One half of a kilogram of liquid water at

273 K (0 °C)

is placed outside on a day when the temperature is

262 K (11 °C).

Assume that the heat is lost from the water only by means of radiation and that the emissivity of the radiating surface is 0.60. Consider two cases: when the surface area of the water is

0.032 m2

(as it might be in a cup) and

1.4 m2

(as it could be if the water were spilled out to form a thin sheet). (The latent heat of fusion of water is 33.5 104 J/kg.)

A)For the case of the water with a surface area of

0.032 m2,

determine the time it takes the water to freeze into ice at

0 °C in seconds

B)For the case of the water with a surface area of

1.4 m2,

determine the time it takes the water to freeze into ice at

0 °C in seconds

Explanation / Answer

A) The rate of heat lost, dQ/dt = sigma*e*A*(T1^4 - T2^4)

= 5.67*10^-8*0.6*0.032*(273^4 - 262^4)

= 0.9172 J/s or W

Heat must be removed o freeze the Ice, dQ = m*Lf

= 0.5*3.33*10^5

= 1.665*10^5 J

time taken, dt = dQ/(dQ/dt)

= 1.665*10^5/0.9172

= 1.815*10^5 s

B)

The rate of heat lost, dQ/dt = sigma*e*A*(T1^4 - T2^4)

= 5.67*10^-8*0.6*1.4*(273^4 - 262^4)

= 40.13 J/s or W


time taken, dt = dQ/(dQ/dt)

= 1.665*10^5/40.13

= 4.15*10^3 s

Hire Me For All Your Tutoring Needs
Integrity-first tutoring: clear explanations, guidance, and feedback.
Drop an Email at
drjack9650@gmail.com
Chat Now And Get Quote