What regions of the eye does light pass THROUGH TISSUE on its way to the photore

ID: 162290 • Letter: W

Question

What regions of the eye does light pass THROUGH TISSUE on its way to the photoreceptors? You will be given a list, select all that apply. Match the muscle types of the eye and orbit with their functionality. Which of the following tissues is not associated with some kind of fluid to help eye function? See the graph referencing response rates to different wavelengths of light. A long and bright flash of light leaves the retinal molecule in different photoreceptors in different states: S cones - 99% cis M cones - 30% cis L cones - 30% cis Rods - 5% cis. What color of light was the flash? Glaucoma is a disease where fluid builds up in the eye and puts pressure on the optic nerve, reducing signal transmission to the rest of the brain. What fluid and w hat axons are involved? CRH secretion would NOT raise the blood concentration of what substances? We discussed several hypothalamic-pituitary-TARGET axes in class. How did 'stimulating' and 'releasing' hormones fit into these? In which gland might overactivity be associated with 'hummingbird' properties like having a high metabolic rate? Which of the following hormones IN THE PARENT is not related to maternity? We aren't going to have a chance to discuss diabetes mellitus (hereafter referred to as diabetes, though I wish we were. Read the text on Pg 664-665 to determine which of the following statements are NOT TRUE. (Answers provided in advance.) Diabetes is a disease of insulin signaling deficiency causing disruption in glucose metabolism Type 1 Diabetes can be considered an autoimmune attach on insulin producing cells in the pancreas Insulin is always needed to treat diabetes Type 2 Diabetes is associated with obesity and high

Explanation / Answer

1) Light travels through the sclera, cornea, pupil and lens before stopping at the retina, respectively. Once at the retina, the information from the light is converted to electrical impulses for the brain to interpret.

2) Muscle type of the eye and their functions:

Sr No

Muscle Type

Function

Lateral Rectus Muscle

The lateral rectus muscle moves the eye outwards

Superior Rectus Muscle

The superior rectus muscle moves the eye upwards and, to a lesser extent, rotates the top of the eye towards the nose

Superior Oblique Muscle

The superior oblique muscle rotates the top of the eye towards the nose and, to a lesser extent, moves the eye downwards

Medial Rectus Muscle

The medial rectus muscle moves the eye inwards

Inferior Rectus Muscle

The inferior rectus muscle moves the eye downwards and, to a lesser extent, rotates the top of the eye towards the temple

Inferior Oblique Muscle

The inferior oblique muscle rotates the top of the eye towards the temple and, to a lesser extent, moves the eye upwards

3) Sufficient information not provided

4) Sufficient information not provided

5) The glaucoma, axons involved are retinal ganglion cell axons and the fluid is aqueous humour.

6) CRH secretions would not raise the blood concentrations of thyroxine.

7) The HPA axis, HPG axis, HPT axis are the three major neuroendocrine systems through which the hypothalamus and pituitary direct neuroendocrine function

3. The hypothalamic–pituitary–thyroid axis (HPT axis for short, a.k.a. thyroid homeostasis or thyrotropic feedback control)

8) Thyroid gland is associated with high metabolic rate and overactivity.

9) Sufficient information is not provided

10) The statement " Insulin is always needed to treat diabetes" is FALSE.

Examples of possible treatments for type 2 diabetes include:

Metformin (Glucophage, Glumetza, others)
Sulfonylureas
Meglitinides
Thiazolidinediones
DPP-4 inhibitors
GLP-1 receptor agonists
GLP-1 receptor agonists