HELP ASAP PLEASE Which of the following statements about the tree of life reflec

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HELP ASAP PLEASE

Which of the following statements about the tree of life reflects contemporary scientific thinking? Humans, being different from the animals, have their own separate branch on the tree of life There is one major dichotomy, plant vs. animal Bacteria are not considered to be living things. The animal kingdom is one branch, within a larger tree called the eukaryote. All of the above What are the potential evolutionary consequences of iatrical young? The parental care they require makes it possible for their parents to produce larger clutches of young, and reproduce more often. Since they receive no parental care, they must be able to survive from the moment of their birth. The parental care they receive reduces their early mortality, and makes them more able to survive in competitive environments. A and C None of the above. Which of the following statements about mutation are correct? They occur when the species needs them, because of survival of the fittest They are random events, and occur independently of whether or not they are favorable or unfavorable. They are, essentially, natures way of making sure a species never becomes so well adapted that it will exclude other species from the tree of life. Living things are too complex to have arisen "by accident", thus, mutations cannot be random C and D Why is the existence of sexual reproduction an evolutionary mystery? By reproducing asexually, females of an asexual lineage potentially have an enormous advantage in fitness over their sexual counterparts because they pass on more of their genes per offspring. It is not known why plants and fungi do not reproduce sexually, but all animals do. It is not a mystery. Without sex, no organism can reproduce and thus it must exist. A and B All of the above.

Explanation / Answer

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Part 1: D (The modern tree of life is considered appropriate and valid for present eukaryotes. According to the contemporary tree of life, humans do not appear in any special branch but are considered in the branch of animals. Also, the animal kingdom is within one common branch of a large section called eukaraya.)

Part 2: D (Altrical young is a concept similar to the manner that young ones of birds require their parents to help them feed and survive so that their mortality rate is reduced and their population might increase. Similarly from evolutionary point of view, it seems that large species tend to nurture and sustain the smaller species in nature just following altrical young concept)

Part 3: B (Modern advances in biology and research have clearly shown that mutations are random events which occur indpendently of each other. Although they play significant role in evolution and advancement, mutations are not naturally determined and are completely random in nature)

Part 4: A (It is now very well known that animals, plants and even fungi can reproduce sexually. But asexual reproduction does not require recombination of genes hence do not contribute to genetic variation. Also, asexual reproduction tends to transmit more number of genes to the offsprings in un-altered way hence no variation and evolution will arise.)

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