8. July 15, 2015, the United States the dwarf planet, Pluto (1.3x1 (Radius of Pl

Question

8. July 15, 2015, the United States the dwarf planet, Pluto (1.3x1 (Radius of Pluto-1.2 x 10s mo speed of light = 3 x 108 m/s) NASA program's New Horizons Spacecraft (450 kg) had its closest encounter (1.3 x 10 m) with 0 kg), aft Horizons S er traveling 5.7 x 1012 meters from Earth a. Determine the gravitational force between these two masses at the point of closest encounter b. The acceleration due to Earth on an object near Earth's surface has a magnitude of 9.8 m/s. Determine the acceleration due to Pluto on an object near Pluto's surface. Approximately how long will it take light from the Earth to reach Pluto, in hours? (two deci c. mals)

Explanation / Answer

a) F = 6.67x 10^-11 (450 ) (1.3 x 10^22) /(1.3 x 10^7) ^2

F = 3901.95 x 10^ 11/ ( 1.69 x 10^14) = 2308.846 x 10^ -3 or 2.3 N apprx

b) g = GM/r^2 = 6.67 x 10^-11 ( 1.3 x 10^22) / (1.2 x 10^6) ^2= 0.6

m/s^2

c) disatnce between earth and pluto = (5.7 x 10^12 + 1.3 x 10^7 ) m= 570001.3 x 10^ 7 m

time = ( 570001.3 x 10^ 7 m)/ ( 3 x 10^8) =5.278 hrs apprx

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