E) to remove introns. 29. The function of the ribosome in polypeptide synthesis
ID: 182972 • Letter: E
Question
E) to remove introns. 29. The function of the ribosome in polypeptide synthesis is to A) hold mRNA and tRNAs together. B) catalyze the addition of amino acids from tRNAs to the growing polypeptide chain. C) move along the mRNA and eject tRNAs during the translocation process. D) A and B only E) A, B, and C 30. During translation, chain elongation continues until what happens? A) No further amino acids are needed by the cell. B) All tRNAs are empty. C) The polypeptide is long enough. D) A stop codon is encountered. E) The ribosomes run off the end of mRNA. 31. Eukaryotic mRNA processing (capping, splicing, and poly A tailing) takes place in the: A) ribosome. B) mitochondria C) endoplasmic reticulum. D) nucleus. E) nucleus and endoplasmic reticulum. 32. Tetracyclin inhibits protein synthesis by A) blocks binding of aminoacyl-tRNA to A-site of ribosome. B) blocks initiation of RNA chains C) blocks translocation. D) prevents peptidyl transferase reaction on ribosome. E) prevents binding of mRNA to ribosome 33. A particular eukaryotic protein is 600 amino acids long. Which of the following could be the maximum number of nucleotides in the DNA that codes for the amino acids in this protein? A) 3 B) 100 C) 300 D) 900 E) 1,800 34. Activation of a tRNA means: A) initiation of tRNA processing. B) adding cap at the 5'end. C) transport of tNRA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm D) interaction of tRNA with mRNA E) insertion of amino acid into tRNA.Explanation / Answer
Answer 29: E) A, B and C
Ribosome functions all these 3 processes in the protein synthesis process.
Answer 30: D) A stop codon is encountered
Answer 31: E) Nucleus and endoplasmic reticulum
Explanation: Transcription takes place in nucleus and translation is mostly in cytoplasmic ribosome or ribosomes on ER. Hence option E is the most accurate answer.
Answer 32: A) Blocks binding of aminoacyl tRNA to A site of ribosome
Explanation: Tetracycline is an antibiotic which inhibits protein synthesis in bacteria by inhibiting the binding of aminoacyl-tRNA to the mRNA-ribosome complex
Answer 33: E) 1800
Explanation: each amino acid requires 3 nucleotides (1 codon) to code one amino acid.
Answer 34: E) Insertion of amino acid into tRNA
Answer 35: D) Synthesis is catalyzed by RNA polymerase
All other options are true, so this is the appropriate answer.
Answer 36: B) 3’ to 5’ and 3’
Answer 37: B) Exons
Introns are spliced out
Answer 38: C) RNA
Answer 39: D) Undergo a reduction in chromosome length
Answer 40: B) tRNA
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