6 Broadcast spawners such as abalones and urchins need to overcome two issues to

Question

6 Broadcast spawners such as abalones and urchins need to overcome two issues to accomplish fertilization. Dilution. Gametes are released into the vastness of the ocean. What strategies have been developed to deal with the dilution problem? a. Species specificity. The four species of abalone found along the California coast (Black, Green, Red, and White) occupy overlapping ecological niches, and are broadcast spawners. Similarly, multiple species of urchins occupy overlapping habitats. How do these animals maintain their species identity, since the eggs and sperm of all species can be found in the water at the same time? b.

Explanation / Answer

(a) ,the dilution problem is overcome by production and release of large amount of gametes into the sea. This increases their chances/ probability of fertilization.

(b)the specifies specificity is attained by specific chemoattractants. Each species' egg produces a chemical 8n the water which attracts and directs the sperm of that particular species towards itself. The closer are the eggs the faster they swim towards their compatible egg(this happens because they experience a higher concentration of the chemoattractants.

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