Directions: For each question, be sure to (1) answer ALL parts (2) in your own w

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Directions: For each question, be sure to (1) answer ALL parts (2) in your own words and ( 3) use A format, and include in-text citations. PA 1. (a) Discuss the modern theory of biological evolution,and WRITE A STATEMENT (several sentences, NOT simply definitions) of the relationship between the following terms: gene netic drift, microevolution and macroevolution; (b) Discuss the similarities and differences comparing natural and artificial selection, and include a specific example of EACH type of selection. 2. Use modern evolutionary theory and appropriate vocabulary terms to EXPLAIN why antibiotic resistance becomes more common among bacteria when they are exposed to antibiotics. NOTE: This should be detailed and include 6-10 sentences. Start a New Thread Sort by 0 F9

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Answer-1

(a)-Modern Theory of Evolution is also known as Neo-Darwinism, that explains the concept of evolution by virtue of genetics, developmental biology and paleontology. This theory also explains about the concept of population genetics and mendelian population, gene frequency and gene pool. The theory was given by Haldane,Wright and Stebbins. In the reference of genetics, theory of evolution can be explained as: evolution occurs due to chenges in the allelic frequencies in the population gene pool over many generations. It means that when there is a great variation in the allele frequency, then new species are formed, which are capable of inter-breeding and also to produce the fertile offsprings.

When there is greater extent of recombination in the genes, mixing of the chromosomes produce newer individuals that also brings about variation among the population. Recombination is a result of genetic processes such as duplication, insertion, deletion, translocation or other aberrations. Mutations contribute equally in bringing about the evolution as it results in changes in the gene because of the phenotypic changes. Natural selection too causes the change in the frequency of the genes from one generation to the other. Due to natural selection, it creates environmental and population relation due to recombination. Genetic drift cause the evolution by varuing the relative frequency of genotyp in relative small populations.Microevolution happens at relatively small scale that too withing a population of single species only, whereas, macroevolution occurs over a large scale that crosses the boundries of single species population.

(b) Differences in artificial and natural selection are as follows:

Similarities among the artificial and natural selection includes:

* Both lead to changes in allelic frequency which brings about the variation.

* Both lead to the fitness of the speies.

* Both requires the genetic and inheritable differences within the organisms.

Artificial Selection Natural Selection It is a fast process It is a slow process It can be seen in the domestic population It can be seen in the natural population It is a man-made type selction It is selected by nature It produces varities of organisms which are, however, different from native generation It leads to generation of biological diversity

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