16. Fatty acid A has\'10 double covalent bonds scattered throughout its carbon c
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16. Fatty acid A has'10 double covalent bonds scattered throughout its carbon chain while fatty acid B has only single covalent bonds between the carbons in its chain. A. Fatty acid A is saturated. B. Fatty acid B is unsaturated C. Both fatty acids are saturated D. Both fatty acids are unsaturated. E. Fatty acid B is saturated. Which of the following would be classified as a lipid? A. cholesterol-a steroid B. alanine-an amino acid C. starch-a polysaccharide D. catalase-an enzyme E. sucrose-a disaccharide All of the following terms relate to lipids. Which does not belong with the other four? A. cholesterol B. estrogen C. steroid D. triglyceride E. bile salts 17. 18. 19. Channel proteins A. are binding sites for other molecules. B. utilize the G protein complex to function. C. are found only on endoplasmic reticulum.Explanation / Answer
16) A double covalent bond is when two pairs of electrons are shared between the atoms rather than one pair. When a pair of atoms are shared, it is a single covalent bond. Saturated fatty acids have no double covalent bonds between molecules as they are saturated with the hydrogen molecules while unsaturated fatty acids have double bonds between them. Fatty acid A has double covalent bonds, making it unsaturated and Fatty acid B has only single covalent bonds and is saturated. Therefore, the right option is option E.
A. False because Fatty acid A is unsaturated.
B. False because Fatty acid B is saturated.
C. False because only one of them (B) is saturated.
D. False because only one of them (A) is unsaturated.
E. True
17) Lipids are a class of biomolecules that are hydrophobic and comprises of molecules such as phospholipids, glycerides, fat, waxes, fat soluble vitamins and sterols/steroid. Therefore, the correct option is A.
A. True. Cholestrol is a lipid consisting of four linked hydrocarbon rings forming the steroid structure.
B. False. Alanine is a non-essential amino acid that is synthesized by the body. Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins.
C. False. Starch is polysaccharide (polymeric carbohydrate) consisting of large number of glucose molecules joined by glycosidic bond and acts as an energy stirage in plants.
D. False. Catalase is an enzyme that catalyzes the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide to oxygen and water and all enzymes are proteins.
E. False. Sucrose is a disaccharide (carbohydrate composed of two kinds of sugar molecules) composed of glucose and fructose.
18) The correct answer is E.
A. Cholestrol is a lipid consisting of four linked hydrocarbon rings forming the steroid structure.
B. Estrogen is the primary sex hormone in females. It is a steroid hormone derived from lipids.
C. Steroids are organic compounds that play an important role in maintaining the cell membrane fluidity and most of them act as signalling molecules. They are included in the lipid category due to their hydrophobicity, structure similarity and insolubility in water.
D. Triglycerides are derived from glycerol and three fatty acids (hence the name triglyceride) which is a major constituent of body fat in humans and other animals, as well as vegetable fats.
E. Bile salts are produced as a result of reaction between bile acids and the sodium/potassium salts in the liver. They are synthesized by the liver.
19) The correct option is E.
A. False. Binding sites are regions found on proteins and other molecules with specific affinity to a molecule thereby inducing the formation of a complex.
B. False. G protein complex that act as molecular switches inside cells whose function involves transmitting signals from stimuli from exterior of the cell to its interior and channel proteins do not use G protein complex for function.
C. False. Endoplasmic reticulum is an organelle found in the cells. Entry into the endoplasmic reticulum is majorly through translocation.
D. False. Adhesion molecules on the surface of the cells help in cell-cell recognition and communication.
E. True. Channel proteins are a class of membrane transport proteins which form aqueous pores across the lipid bilayer and allows the transfer of molecules across the membrane when the pores open.
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