8. Sickle Cell Anemia (3 pts) People with sickle cell anemia have distorted red

Question

8. Sickle Cell Anemia (3 pts) People with sickle cell anemia have distorted red blood cells as shown here They make hemoglobin S instead of the normal hemoglobin A. Hemoglobin S is less negative than hemoglobin A and therefore moves slower during electrophoresis Carriers make hemoglobin A and S. Normal people make only hemoglobin A. People with sickle cell anemia make only hemoglobin A. Which lane is from a person with sickle cell anemia? B. Which lane is from normal person? C. Which lane is from a carrier for sickle cell anemia? DO Wells 1 2 3 4

Explanation / Answer

Normal person

There is no mutation in the gene encoding beta globin chain of the hemoglobin. Hence both the chains are normal, similar and equal in weight.

HbA and HbA: thus both bands will coincide.

Diseased person

There is mutation in the gene encoding mutated beta globin chain of the hemoglobin. Hence both the chains are mutated, similar and equal in weight.

HbS and HbS: thus both bands will coincide.

Carrier person

There is mutation in the gene encoding mutated beta globin chain of the hemoglobin. But the one copy of the gene is correct and hence one normal chain is produced. Hence, one mutated and one normal chain is produced.

HbA and HbS: thus two separate bands will be there.

Now, HbS is less negative as the glutamate has converted into valine. So it will move slower than the HbA.

Thus,

HbS-HbS: the single band in lane 2.

HbA-HbA: the single band in lane 1.

HbS-HbA: two separate bands in lane 3, the closer one to the wells corresponds to HbS & the farther one to HbA.

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