Identifying the Elements of Experimental Design: Practice A group of doctors is

Question

Identifying the Elements of Experimental Design: Practice A group of doctors is testing a medication that improves vision for people with cataracts. To do so, they use 800 volunteers, all with cataracts. Of the volunteers 0 are given one pill of the medication, 200 are given 2 pills, and 200 are given 3 pills. The remaining 200 volunteers are only given a placebo (sugar pill) containing no medication at all. Three hours after taking the medication, the doctors measure each volunteer's pupil contraction in response to light. Increased contraction indicates improved vision. The doctors repeat this experiment each year for three years before publishing their findings. Based on this information, complete the following: a. Hypothesis b. Dependent Variable c. Independent Variable d. Levels of Treatment e. Standardized Variables f. Control g Sample Size h. Replications

Explanation / Answer

a. Hypothesis: The medication improves the vision of people with cataract

b. Dependent variable: Patients that were given 1, 2 or 3 pills of the drug

c. Independent Variable: Pupil contraction or the response to the drug

d. Levels of treatment: Three i.e., Patients were treated with 1 pill, 2 pill or 3 pills

e. Standardized variables:

Individual variations were standardized by taken large sample size.

Seasonal variations were standardized by continuing the experiment for three years

f. Control: 200 volunteers were given sugar pills as Placebo.

g. Sample size: 200 for each treatment.

h. Replications: three replications.

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