What were the benefits for implementing the EMC Directive for Manufacturers? Def

Question

What were the benefits for implementing the EMC Directive for Manufacturers? Define the EMC Directive. What does the CE mark imply when on an electronic product? What is the frequency ranges covered by the EMC Directive? Electrostatic discharge (ESD) is a phenomena which is considered under the EMCD, what are the effects of ESD on an electronic circuit? what components are susceptible to ESD? How can the circuity be protected to prevent any damage. Draw a diagram showing the four possible methods of electromagnetic (EM) disturbance. Discuss the use of shielding in mitigating the effects of EM of an high speed digital circuit. How did the introduction of the EMCD improve engineering practice within the European Union? Discuss the potential EMC issues in an automobile, what methods need to be undertaken to minimise these risks.

Explanation / Answer

PART A

1) The benefits of implementing EMC directive are that the product will be immune to electromagnetic disturbances and hence woks with a greater accuracy which brings down the number of failure cases of that product. And also by implementing the EMC directive, and getting approved by a legal standard (ex: (EMC) Directive 2014/30/EU ) will attract more customers as it is a sign of quality.

2) EMC Diretive ensures that the electronic equipment does not generate or is affected by electromagnetic disturbances. It also states the design techniques to reduce the electromagnetic disturbances and increase the immunity of a particular electronic product.

3) CE mark on any electrical product implies that the product is compatible with the essentila requirements of the European health, safety and environmental protection legislation. This mark is applicable for a total number of 30 EEA(European Econoic Area) countries. It basically ensures to the government of that particular country that the product can be legally sold in that country.

4) Basically the supported frequencies change from application to application. Some of the ElectroMagnetic Compatibility (EMC) standard for radio equipment and services basically includes the following frequency operations :

a) 24,05 GHz to 24,25 GHz, 24,05 GHz to 24,5 GHz, 76 GHz to 77 GHz and 77 GHz to 81 GHz for Specific conditions for Automotive, Ground based Vehicles and Surveillance Radar Devices.

b) 9 kHz to 315 kHz band for Ultra Low Power Active Medical Implants (ULP-AMI) and related peripheral devices (ULP-AMI-P).

c) Short Range Devices (SRD); Level Probing Radar (LPR) equipment operating in the frequency ranges 6 GHz to 8,5 GHz, 24,05 GHz to 26,5 GHz, 57 GHz to 64 GHz, 75 GHz to 85 GHz.

5) During the occurence of ESD(Electro static Discharge), the sudden deposit of the charge on the receiver(for now lets assume electronic circuit) results in a sudden increase of voltage across it. Due to the sudden increase of voltage, the components in the electronic circuit will see a huge amount of power dissipating for a particular duration. Hence due to such a high power dissipation, there is always a chance that the component might get damaged resulting in the functionality failure of the eletronic circuit. The power handling capability, amount of power and voltage levels depends on the specifics of the ESD(charge transimission) and varies from case to case.

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