81) (4 pts) The free energy for the oxidation of glucose to CO2 and water is -68
ID: 211857 • Letter: 8
Question
81) (4 pts) The free energy for the oxidation of glucose to CO2 and water is -686 kcal/mol and the free energy for ATP hydrolysis to ADP + Pi = 7.3 kcal mol. Given what you know about the number of ATP molecules produced during cellular respiration. How efficient is cellular respiration? Explain how you determined this. If it isn't 100% percent eficient, explain why this is 82) (4 pts) You are an ecologist working in an environment that has both C3 and C4 plants. You are interested in competition between plants that employ these two distinet types of photosynthesis. In this case, competition would be measured as the rate of growth and how well one plant is able to outgrow the other plant. Based on what we have learned about the differences of C3 and C4 plants, discuss the effect that increasing CO2 levels would have on competition between C3 and C4 plants. 83) (4 pts) Below is the molecular structure for fructose-6-phosphate which is the substrate for the glycolysis enzyme phosphofructokinase. If you were a drug designer, discuss the approach you would use to develop a competitive inhibitor for this enzyme. 0% e0 HOExplanation / Answer
)81) answered
Taking an average of 36-38 ATP synthesized the energy output sums up to be 360-380 kcal which brings down the efficiency to 52-55 percent (Divide the real output by theoretical output and multiply by 100). Theoretical output of glucose is calculated in a calorimeter with minimal loss of energy as heat whereas the same is not true for cellular respiration. Further, we must remember that ATP is synthesized by proton motive force created due to oxidation of glucose in the reactions. However not all the PMF is used to drive ATP synthesis, it is also used to drive transport of various soluted across the membrane. Then the concentration of various substrates and intermediates of TCA cycle also consumes energy. Transport of phosphate creates a hydroxyl surplus in the intermembrane space which again consumes hydrogen ions for neutralization, thereby decreasing the PMF. Hence theoretical yield is higher than the yield calculated for ATP.
Related Questions
drjack9650@gmail.com
Navigate
Integrity-first tutoring: explanations and feedback only — we do not complete graded work. Learn more.