Directions: Read the following paragraph and study the accompanying graphs of th
ID: 212785 • Letter: D
Question
Directions: Read the following paragraph and study the accompanying graphs of the data results. explain the data results include the use of biochemical terms.
A contributing factor to the development of arthritis is the inappropriate proteolytic destruction of the aggrecan component of cartilage by the proteolytic enzyme aggrecanase. The immune system signal molecule interleukin 1 (IL-1) activates aggrecanase; in fact, IL-2 blockers are sometimes used to treat arthritis. Studies were undertaken to determine whether inhibitors of aggrecanase can counteract the effects of IL-1. Pieces of cartilage were incubated in media with various additions and the amount of aggrecan destruction was measured as a function of time.
Bovine nasal cartilage was incubated in control media (squares), IL-1 (circles), or IL-1 plus the selective aggrecanase inhibitor, ST154 (triangles), and media were removed and replaced with fresh treatments every 2–3 days. Media were analyzed for aggrecan degradation products and cumulative glycosaminoglycan (GAG) released per mg wet weight cartilage are plotted versus time of incubation using an IL-1 stimulus of 5 ng/ml (A) or 2 ng/ml (B).
100 Control 80 +ST154 (60 40 20 0 5 10 15 20 Time (days) 75 - Control -+ST154 E 50 CO 25 0 10 15 Time (days) 5 20Explanation / Answer
Answer:
Based on the given data:
Figure 1 (IL-1 stimulus of 5ng/ml) Explanation:
All these treatments were renewed after every 2-3 days. Cumulative Glucosaminoglycan (GAG) release was measured for all three treatments (GAG ug/mg wet weight of cartilage). Standard deviation of measurement is plotted as error bars in the graph for all different time-points.
Figure B represents an IL-1 stimulus of 2ng/ml:
2 different treatments and 1 control was used:
Over all trend with IL-1 2ng/ml stimulus is similar to IL-1 5 ng/ml stimulus. The amount of GAG released in control appears less as compared to experiment 1 (Figure A).
The GAG release is maximum in control sample, intermediate in IL-1 2ng/ml treatment and least in IL-1 2ng/ml + Inhibitor treatment. The decrease is due to the inhibition of aggrecanase enzyme by ST154 inhibitor that causes a decrease in aggrecan degradation in cartilage resulting in a reduction in the amount of GAG released.
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