Chapter 6 20. Earth has fewer craters than Venus. Why? a. Earth’s atmosphere pro

Question

Chapter 6

20. Earth has fewer craters than Venus. Why?

a. Earth’s atmosphere provides better protection than Venus’s.

b. Earth is a smaller target than Venus.

c. Earth is closer to the asteroid belt.

d. Earth’s surface experiences more erosion.

23. On Earth, one high tide each day is caused by the Moon pulling on that side of Earth. The other is caused by

a. the Sun pulling on the opposite side of Earth.

b. the Earth rotating around so that the opposite side is under the Moon.

c. the Moon pulling the center of Earth away from the opposite side, leaving a tidal bulge behind.

d. the resonance between the rotation and revolution of the Moon.

Chapter 8

25. The rings of Saturn periodically disappear and reappear when

a. observed in the direction of the Sun.

b. the Sun has set on Saturn.

c. the rings dissipate.

d. viewed edge-on.

Explanation / Answer

20. d) Earth’s surface experiences more erosion.As a result of the Earth’s geological activity (the volcanoes and earthquakes) the surface of the Earth has far fewer craters than the surface of planet Venus as a result of Earth’s geological activity (the volcanoes and earthquakes). The craters have sunk down or been worn away by wind and rain over millions of years.

23.c) The Moon pulling the center of Earth away from the opposite side. This causes the water to 'bulge.' As the Moon orbits our planet and as the Earth rotates, the bulge also moves. The areas of the Earth where the bulging occurs experience high tide and the other areas are subject to a low tide. On Earth, one high tide each day is caused by the Moon pulling on that side of Earth. Water on the opposite side of Earth facing away from the Moon also bulges outward (high tide). In reality, the Moon and the Earth revolve together around a common gravitational center between them, or center of mass. The same forces are at play as the Earth revolves around the Sun. The Sun's gravity pulls ocean water toward the Sun, but at the same time, the centrifugal force of the combined Earth-Sun revolution causes water on the opposite side of Earth to bulge away from the Sun. the tides are influenced by both the Moon and the Sun.

25. a. observed in the direction of the Sun.

Saturn has its own orbit around the sun. Occasionally the orbit takes it to a location where the planet seems to tip just enough so that the rings slowly seem to be disappearing. This process will continue as Saturn moves through its orbit until the rings are completely invisible to us on earth. The process is temporary and as the orbit continues the rings will once again appear, just as slowly as they disappeared.

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