Discuss one of the 3 topics and post your contribution by midnight Sunday, Octob

Question

Discuss one of the 3 topics and post your contribution by midnight Sunday, October 30 We will start on the atmosphere unit by mid week There will be more presentations and more discussion topics at that time Discuss why the rotation of the earth deflects the trajectory of moving objects that are not attached to the surface Include the direction of deflection and the reason that the Coriolis effect is absent at the equator Discuss electromagnetic radiation What is electromagnetic radiation and what is the difference between visible light and radio waves? What band of the electromagnetic spectrum is the most energetic? In relation to visible light, what are infrared radiation and ultra violet radiation? Distinguish the difference between electromagnetic radiation and solar wind. Earth is an open system with regard to energy What is "earth s energy balance?" Include in your answer The source of Earth s energy The processes that affect the energy that arrives at the surface The areas of energy surplus and energy deficit The processes on the planet that help bring these differences back into balance at the surface

Explanation / Answer

Earth rotates from west to east, so the objects not attached to it will drift to the west. This is the reason we observe stars, sun and moon rise in the east and set in the west. There are effects act on objects near the surface of the earth called Coriolis force and itseffects depends on the where is the object. If it is near the pole, the axis of the earth rotation is nearly vertical relative to objects horizon and as things spin around in the sky they move nearly horizontal.

But if the objects are near the equator, where the earth’s axis of rotation is nearly horizontal, objects spinning around the sky would move nearly vertical and the Coriolis effects are almost vertical.

Generally, when objects move towards one of the poles the horizontal Corilis effects grow and the vertical one shrink and if objects move towards equator the horizontal effects shrink and the vetical ones grow.

At the poles the coriolis effect is maximum as the velocity is perpendicular to the earth’s axis of rotation. The Coriolis effect is minimum or zero at equator as the velocity is parallel to the axis of rotation of the earth

Electromagnetic radaition is the radation energy produced by electromagnetic process. Visible light and invisisble ligths (radio, infrared, X-ray waves) are electromagnetic radations. Electromagnetic radiation consists of electromagentic waves oscillates due to electric and magentic fields propagation at the speed of light through a vacuum.

Visible light and radio waves are electromagnetic waves. They

are differ in their wave length. Radio waves have longer wave length and lower frequency so they are less energitic. Visible light waves have shorter wave lenght and higher frequency so they are more energitic.

In elctromagnetic spectrum gamma rays part is most energetic in the spectrum and their frequency is (Hz) > 5x1019 and energy is (eV) > 3x104

Visible light frequency and wave length varies between 4*1014 Hz to 8*1014 Hz (400 THz to 800 THz) and 3.8*10-7 m to 7.5*10-7 m (380 nm to 750 nm). Where as Ultraviolet frequency and wave length is ranges between 8*1014 to 3*1016 Hz (800 THz to 30 PHz) and 10-8 m to 3.8*10-7 m (10 nm to 380 nm) and Infrared light frequency and wavelength varies between 3*1011 to 4*1014 Hz (300 GHz to 400 THz) and 7.5*10-7 m to 10-3 m (750 nm to 1 mm).

UV rays from sun absorbed by ozone layer. Infrared light rays are emitted by all objects at or near room temperature in the form of blackbody radiation. What we are seeing is comes under visible light wave length in electromagnetic spectrum.

Solar wind is charged particles stream released from upper atmosphere of the sun. It consists of electrons, protons plasma energy. Where as electromagnetic radiation consists of visible light, Infrared, UV, X-ray and gamma rays in the spectrum radiated by the sun.

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