18) (10 pts.) The Logic of Science: Theories and Observations Below we have list

Question

18) (10 pts.) The Logic of Science: Theories and Observations Below we have listed a series of 12 scientific ideas. Six of these are patterns of observations. For every one observations that theories and six are of these six theories, we have listed a pattern of theories and which rst thing that you need to do is to identify which 6 of the 12 are one of the theories with one of the patterns of observations. So, for each of these 12 ideas you must do two things: 1. Identify it as theory or observation. 2. Write down the number of the idea it matches up with. supports it. For every one of these six patterns of observations, we have listed to explain it. The 12 are patterns of observations. Then you need to match up each In atoms, electrons are only allowed in certain orbits (which correspond to energy levels), and photons of light are produced when electrons move between these orbits. many on the Earth and Venus. spectral lines. our Sun as it formed 4.6 billion years ago. other object, and this force gets weaker with distance ice materials become solid too. As a result, when the Solar System formed, planets far from the 1 2 There are many craters on the Moon and Mercury, fewer on Mars, and not very 3 4 5 6 When heated until it glows, a gas of each element produces a unique pattern of All the objects in our Solar System formed out of one disk of material that orbited There is a force called gravity, which attracts every object in the universe to every Near the Sun, only rocks and metals are in solid form, while far from the Sun, the Sun could grow much larger. flat disk. Most planets also rotate in this direction, and most moons do too. liquid form that conducts electricity more quickly, causing teir volcanoes to go dormant. The interiors of larger terrestrial planets 7 8 Inside very large Jovian planets, there is enough pressure to turn hydrogen into a 9 All the planets in our Solar System orbit the Sun going in the same direction, in a All terrestrial planets formed with molten interiors, but smaller planets cooled cooled more slowly, so their volcanoes could remain active for a much longer period of time. 10 The planet Jupiter has an extremely powerful magnetic field 11 Terrestrial planets are found nearest the Sun, while Jovian planets are found farther away. 12 All orbits of moons around planets, planets around stars, and stars around each other are in the shape of ellipses.

Explanation / Answer

Sl. no.   

1 - Theory

2 - Observation

3 - Observation

4 - Theory

5 - Theory

6 - Theory

7 - Observation

8 - Theory

9 - Theory

10 - Observation

11 - Observation

12 - Observation

Serial No. 1,4,5,6,8 and 9 are theories

Serial No. 2,3,7,10,11 and 12 are observations

Match:

Theory Observation   

1 explains/matches the 3

4 explains/matches the 7

5 explains/matches the 12

6 explains/matches the 11

8 explains/matches the 10

9 explains/matches the 2

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