QUESTION 1 The first person to describe a carcinogen was: Rudolf Virchow Cladius
ID: 31429 • Letter: Q
Question
QUESTION 1
The first person to describe a carcinogen was:
Rudolf Virchow
Cladius Regaud
Percivall Pott
George Papanicolau
Sidney Farber
QUESTION 2
Who introduced the test for early detection of cervical cancer in 1942?
Rudolf Virchow
Cladius Regaud
Percivall Pott
George Papanicolau
Sidney Farber
QUESTION 3
All of the following are TRUE about risk factors for cancer EXCEPT:
They cause DNA mutation
Some can be avoided
Some can be inherited
They guide patient management
They increase the probability of getting cancer
QUESTION 4
All of the following are proven carcinogens EXCEPT:
Tobacco
Formaldehyde
Soot
Saccharin
Human papilloma virus
QUESTION 5
Which of the following is true about somatic mutations:
They are present in an egg or sperm
They can be inherited
They can be present in all cells in the individual
They can cause cancer family syndrome
They cannot be inherited
QUESTION 6
All of the following can be used as a guideline for causal inference of a carcinogen EXCEPT:
Strength of association of the exposure with occurrence of cancer
Single correlation study showing exposure with the incidence of cancer
Dose response relation of the exposure and risk of cancer
Disease or risk reduction with removal of exposure
Biological plausibility of the exposure with the disease
QUESTION 7
All of the following cancers have an infectious cause EXCEPT:
Cervical Cancer
Stomach Cancer
Breast Cancer
Liver Cancer
Hodgkin lymphoma
QUESTION 8
Medical treatments that cause cancer include all of the following EXCEPT:
MOPP chemotherapy for Hodgkin lymphoma
Radiation therapy for sarcoma
Tamoxifen for chemotherapy
Smallpox vaccination
Cyclosporine for immunosuppression
QUESTION 9
All of the following are risk factors for breast cancer EXCEPT:
Having breast implants
Having prior ovarian cancer
Having a mother with breast cancer
Age
Obesity
QUESTION 10
The likelihood of getting cancer from exposure to a carcinogen is related to all of the following EXCEPT:
The duration of exposure
The geographic location of the exposure
The degree of exposure
The genetic susceptibility of the exposed person
The mode of exposure (e.g., touching it, breathing it, swallowing it, etc).
a.Rudolf Virchow
b.Cladius Regaud
c.Percivall Pott
d.George Papanicolau
e.Sidney Farber
Explanation / Answer
1)
Percivall Pott, an english surgeon first identified squamous cell carcinoma of the skin of scrotum (1775) in chimney sweepers which is also known as soot wart. Option c is correct.
2)
The early detection of cervical cancer test in 1942 was first introduced by George papanicolau. Hence option d is correct.
3)
The statement the risk factors guide the patient management is false. Option d is correct.
4)
Saccharin, the artificial sweetner is not proven to cancer in humans but caused cancer of uterus and urinary bladder in rats. It also enhances the potentiality of other carcinogens. Option d is correct.
5)
Somatic mutations occur in any cell of the body except the germline cells like egg or sperm. Hence thy cannot be inherited. Option e is correct.
6)
Disease or risk reduction with removal of exposure is not a guideline for causal inference of a carcinogen. Option d is correct.
7)
Several cancers have a cause of an infectious agent like bacteria, virus or a parasitic worm etc. Such cancers include liver, stomach cancer, Cervical cancer , hodgkinlymphoma etc.. Breast cancer is caused due to gene alterations BRCA1 and BRCA2. Option c is correct.
8)
All medical treatments cause cancer except smallpox vaccination Option d is correct.
9)
The risk factors for breast cancer does not include having prior ovarian cancer. Option b is correct.
10)
The likelihood of getting cancer from exposure to a carcinogen is related to all of the following except the geographic location of exposure. OPtion b is correct.
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