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QUESTION 1 The first person to describe a carcinogen was: Rudolf Virchow Cladius

ID: 31429 • Letter: Q

Question

QUESTION 1

The first person to describe a carcinogen was:

Rudolf Virchow

Cladius Regaud

Percivall Pott

George Papanicolau

Sidney Farber

QUESTION 2

Who introduced the test for early detection of cervical cancer in 1942?

Rudolf Virchow

Cladius Regaud

Percivall Pott

George Papanicolau

Sidney Farber

QUESTION 3

All of the following are TRUE about risk factors for cancer EXCEPT:

They cause DNA mutation

Some can be avoided

Some can be inherited

They guide patient management

They increase the probability of getting cancer

QUESTION 4

All of the following are proven carcinogens EXCEPT:

Tobacco

Formaldehyde

Soot

Saccharin

Human papilloma virus

QUESTION 5

Which of the following is true about somatic mutations:

They are present in an egg or sperm

They can be inherited

They can be present in all cells in the individual

They can cause cancer family syndrome

They cannot be inherited

QUESTION 6

All of the following can be used as a guideline for causal inference of a carcinogen EXCEPT:

Strength of association of the exposure with occurrence of cancer

Single correlation study showing exposure with the incidence of cancer

Dose response relation of the exposure and risk of cancer

Disease or risk reduction with removal of exposure

Biological plausibility of the exposure with the disease

QUESTION 7

All of the following cancers have an infectious cause EXCEPT:

Cervical Cancer

Stomach Cancer

Breast Cancer

Liver Cancer

Hodgkin lymphoma

QUESTION 8

Medical treatments that cause cancer include all of the following EXCEPT:

MOPP chemotherapy for Hodgkin lymphoma

Radiation therapy for sarcoma

Tamoxifen for chemotherapy

Smallpox vaccination

Cyclosporine for immunosuppression

QUESTION 9

All of the following are risk factors for breast cancer EXCEPT:

Having breast implants

Having prior ovarian cancer

Having a mother with breast cancer

Age

Obesity

QUESTION 10

The likelihood of getting cancer from exposure to a carcinogen is related to all of the following EXCEPT:

The duration of exposure

The geographic location of the exposure

The degree of exposure

The genetic susceptibility of the exposed person

The mode of exposure (e.g., touching it, breathing it, swallowing it, etc).

a.

Rudolf Virchow

b.

Cladius Regaud

c.

Percivall Pott

d.

George Papanicolau

e.

Sidney Farber

Explanation / Answer

1)

Percivall Pott, an english surgeon first identified squamous cell carcinoma of the skin of scrotum (1775) in chimney sweepers which is also known as soot wart. Option c is correct.

2)

The early detection of cervical cancer test in 1942 was first introduced by George papanicolau. Hence option d is correct.

3)

The statement the risk factors guide the patient management is false. Option d is correct.

4)

Saccharin, the artificial sweetner is not proven to cancer in humans but caused cancer of uterus and urinary bladder in rats. It also enhances the potentiality of other carcinogens. Option d is correct.

5)

Somatic mutations occur in any cell of the body except the germline cells like egg or sperm. Hence thy cannot be inherited. Option e is correct.

6)

Disease or risk reduction with removal of exposure is not a guideline for causal inference of a carcinogen. Option d is correct.

7)

Several cancers have a cause of an infectious agent like bacteria, virus or a parasitic worm etc. Such cancers include liver, stomach cancer, Cervical cancer , hodgkinlymphoma etc.. Breast cancer is caused due to gene alterations BRCA1 and BRCA2. Option c is correct.

8)

All medical treatments cause cancer except smallpox vaccination Option d is correct.

9)

The risk factors for breast cancer does not include having prior ovarian cancer. Option b is correct.

10)

The likelihood of getting cancer from exposure to a carcinogen is related to all of the following except the geographic location of exposure. OPtion b is correct.

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