0 lu aehleve ful se are eomprehensive essay questions, not short answer question

Question

0 lu aehleve ful se are eomprehensive essay questions, not short answer questions. . Draw and explain Figure 11-14, which is about the lipid bilayer and lipid movement. 2. Define: protein, enzyme, nucleotide, DNA, RNA, unsaturated fatty acid, amino acid (draw one also),lipid bilayer, eukaryotic cell, hydrophilic, hydrophobic, intracellular, extracellular, cell cortex, cytosol, cytoplasm, plasma membrane, multipass transmembrane protein, and glycerol (also draw), hydrogen bond, ion, transcylosis, autophagy 3. Describe and explain in detail the sodium/potassium pump. Include how it functions, what energy is consumed, what the the related potassium leak channels, and what is actually going on with the sodium and potassium levels in the cells. resulting gradient is used for, how quickly it works... Be sure to include the effect on membrane associated electric charge. 4. Describe and explain osmosis. Give examples such as what would happenif What does it mean when I (Charlic) say that cells are like capacitors? What does it mean when I say they are like batteries? (Be sure to clearly define both of these terms and then relate them to cells. Iaclude how cefls get their charge.) 6. Explain the process of "sugaring" of lipids and proteins. Additionally, include where it occurs and how it is that it appears on the outside surface of the cells 7 Describe and explain in detail electrochemical gradients including ex.amples of the movernent of ions. Contrast this with uncharged molecules. Include what such gradients are used for S. Describe and esplain the ATPADP transport across the mitochondrial inner membrane as covered in class and found in the energy-harvesting chapler. Include what powers it. It is found on page Figure 14-18. (antiporv/electrogenic) 9. Both comprehensively and in detail, explain intracellular vesicular traffic and membrane distribution/redistribution within the endomembrane system of eukaryotic cells 10. How do proteins, encoded by genes located in the sucleus, get made. processed, delivered, and transported across the membranes of mitochondria? What determines or directs these prot teins to the mitochondria? Also include all additional relevant information learned from the chapter How, when and where do the transmembrane proteins of the plasma membrane get imbedded into the membrane, and how do they gel to the plasma membrane (their path) 12 What determines if a protein is trafficked to the nucleus? Why do proteins of the same type sometimes get trafficked and ystem including what powers it. Include the information other times simply reside in the cylosol? Descrite the transport s found in figures 15-09 and 15-10 Describe and explained the complete details of the LDL transport system as shown in Figure 15-33 and explained in the sext. Include whatever other information that was discussed in class. What is the constitutive exocytosis pathway? Describe the secretory or regulated exoeytosis pathway, also including the regulation and control of molecular vesicles. Figure 15-35 is one on lysosomes. Draw and describe the anatomy and physiology of a lysosome. Describe and explain the formation, specific packaging, movement and fusion of vesicles

Explanation / Answer

13)

1. Basically LDL enters cells via receptor mediated endocytosis and usuallly LDL binds to LDL receptors on the cell surface and intermediated in clathrin coated vesicles.

2. In the acidic environment of the endosome, LDL ends up in hyposomes, where it is degraded to release free cholestrol but the LDL receptor are returned to the plasma membrane via transport vesicles to be used again.

3. LDL receptor is entering the cell and returning to the plasma membranes, whether it is occupied or not.

4. LDL receptor typically makes one round trip into the cell and back every 10 minutes, making a total of several by hundred trips in its 20 hour life-span.

14)

1. Exocytosis is occurring in plant and animal cells that involves moving materials within a cell to the exterior of the cell and requires energy and is a type of active transport.

2. Exocytosis is a vital process that allows cells to secrete waste substances, as well as molecules such as hormones and proteins and it is the opposite of endocytosis in which substances are taken into cells.

3. In exocytosis, membrane-bound vesicles containing cellular molecules are transported to the cell membrane and vesicles fuse with the cell membrane and expel their contents to the exterior of the cell.

4. It is also the method used to build up and incorporate lipids and proteins into the cell membrane.

Related Questions

Navigate

• Browse (All)
• Browse
• Subjects

---

---

Integrity-first tutoring: explanations and feedback only — we do not complete graded work. Learn more.