The results of a cross-sectional random sample of women with a family history of

Question

The results of a cross-sectional random sample of women with a family history of breast cancer are depicted in the following table. The table shows the relationship between mammogram tests results for these women and the probability that they develop breast cancer subsequently. Note that we have a random sample of 73 women and are looking at the development of breast cancer over time. . Developed Breast Cancer Did not develop Breast Cancer Total Positive Mammogram Negative Mammogram Total 17 48 51 20 53 73 a. Estimate the prevalence of breast cancer development in this population of women. Given the information in the table, estimate each of the following for mammograph as a test and give a verbal interpretation of your estimate for each of the following: b. i. sensitivity ii. specificity ili. positive predictive value iv. negative predictive value

Explanation / Answer

A) Prevalence = number of cases with breast cancer/total number of women

= 20/73

= 0.274 = 27.4%

B) i. Sensitivity = P(positive test | condtion is present)

= 17/20

= 0.85 = 85%

ii. Specificity = P(negative test | condition is not present)

= 48/53

= 0.906 = 90.6%

iii. Positive predictive value = P(condition is present | positive test result)

= 17/22

= 0.773 = 77.3%

iv. Negative predictive value = P(condition is not present | negative test result)

= 48/51

= 0.941 = 94.1%

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