History - West Civ Question 1 In the 19th Century, population growth in rural ar

Question

History - West Civ

Question 1

In the 19th Century, population growth in rural areas spurred migration to cities where laborers and the middle classes did mix socially, creating a community of diverse economic and social backgrounds who helped each other out.

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True

False

Question 2

A new elite make up of individual farmers, merchants and bankers emerged as the movers and shakers of the industrial era.

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True

False

Question 3

Industrialization put Europe on the path to a new form of economic development based on the concentration of labor and production in areas with easy access to new sources of energy. This led to the development of new transportation system connecting industrial centers to growing markets.

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True

False

Question 4

James Watt, a Scottish mechanic and instrument maker, changed the course of human history when he build the first railway, driven by steam locomotive, connecting London and Manchester.

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True

False

Question 5

Europe's overseas colonies assisted Industrial Revolution by contributing cheap resources and also providing markets for Europe's manufactured goods.

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True

False

Question 6

The primary reason why Great Britain was at the forefront of Industrial Revolution was the fact that the Church of England's strong message to the people that they must work hard to go to heaven.

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True

False

Question 7

Although child-labor was rampant in industrialized economies in the 19th Century, children were seldom used in the mines due to the high level of danger of explosion, cave-ins, and other accidents.

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True

False

Question 8

The textile production was at the forefront of Industrial Revolution. The cotton-producing slave plantations in the American South became enmeshed in the lucrative trade with manufacturers who produced cotton textiles in the northern United States and England.

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True

False

Question 9

According to Friedrich Engels, industrialization denied employment opportunities for women, who became even more subjected to male domination at home and in society at large.

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True

False

Question 10

Industrial Revolution was aided by government policies that upheld the sanctity of private property and contract, as well as maintaining law and order in society. This is the reason why the radical revolutionaries accused the government of being an instrument of protecting the interest of the owners of the means of production.

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True

False

Question 11

During the Industrial Revolution, population increased rapidly due to the fact that millions of native population from the colonies were brought as slave laborers to the industrialized imperialist countries.

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True

False

Question 12

One way that Europe's industrialized countries, notably England, tried to deal with industrial poverty was operating "workhouses" where people were given accommodations in exchange for labor, often carrying out tedious menial tasks.

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True

False

Question 13

By many measures, living conditions for rural inhabitants of many areas in Europe grew worse in the first half of the 19th Century. Rising population put more pressure on the land, and small size holdings and indebtedness were chronic problems in regions where farmers scraped by on their own lands. Tens of millions of Europe's poor rural population left to settle in the United States.

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True

False

Question 14

Due to wealth that was generated by England's Industrial Revolution and commercial success that followed, by 1850, residents of major European cities had access to such modern amenities as fresh tap water, toilets and electrification.

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True

False

Question 15

Charles Dickens and Victor Hugo, two prominent European writers on the 19th Century, wrote about how the Industrial Revolution engendered social problems such as urban poverty, juvenile delinquency, and child labor.

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True

False

Question 16

During the 19th Century, in major industrialized nations, prostitution decreased or disappeared altogether as a result of increases in textile factories where female could earn decent wages.

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True

False

Question 17

Toxic water, caused by industrial pollution and human waste, posed a critical environmental hazard in urban areas in the 19th Century.

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True

False

Question 18

By the mid-19th Century, due to industrial developments, public education became available to the masses, including members of the working-class. Free public education allowed social mobility to be enjoyed by the ordinary.

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True

False

Question 19

Throughout Europe, a wide range of movements to improve conditions for the poor -- in schools and hospitals, for temperance, against prostitution, or for legislation on factory hours were most often run by upper class male who had a sense of "Nobles Oblige, " responsibility that comes with being part of nobility.

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True

False

Question 20

The Victorian morality and etiquettes of the 19th Century imposed on young women in middle class homes sometimes created anxiety, prudishness, and depression.

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True

False

Question 21

In the 19th Century, in industrialized countries, Middle Class homes became symbol of success and respectability. A large number of servants were hired, and even slaves were bought, in order to demonstrate success and respectability.

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True

False

Question 22

Transportation revolution in the 19th Century, including a wider availability of rail travel, expanded the opportunities for leisurely activities like "outings" for the middle as well as the working-class.

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True

False

Question 23

The Industrial Revolution in Britain was largely inspired by entrepreneurs who sought and accepted the new manufacturing methods, inventions, and innovations.

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True

False

Question 24

The rise of the industrial factory system in the 19th Century deeply affected the lives and the status of workers who were. now given company's stocks as a way of sharing profits with the owners of the factories. These company stocks gave them the incentive to work harder.

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True

False

Question 25

One of the primary reasons for the use of children as a source of labor in the Industrial Revolution was because the low-paid children could more easily move around large industrial equipments.

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True

False

Question 26

The reason why the second half of the 19th Century was called the Golden Age was because industrialization led to strong family values. Such values brought the families together, encouraged to pull resources and labor together to generate more family income and wealth.

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True

False

Question 27

The cult of domesticity that prevailed in middle class home in the age of industrialization can be summarized as a belief that men are the protector of domesticity -- home life.

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True

False

Question 28

According to Karl Marx, capitalism was doomed to dig its own grave because of its ever-deepening exploitative nature.

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True

False

Question 29

Downward mobility amongst industrial working class happens because skilled workers often ended up being unskilled workers due to mechanization.

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True

False

Question 30

Most of the poor working-class women began to work at young age. However, when they became mothers, they mostly stayed home to raise their children. They sometimes resumed working after their children were older.

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True

False

Question 31

Many women worked in "sweatshops" for notoriously low wages that paid not by the hour but by the piece for each shirt stitched or each matchbox glued. This "piece-work" often continued at home.

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True

False

Question 32

The new demands of life in an industrial economy created a suspicion, jealousy, and competition among fellow workers that they were not able to develop a sense common experiences and difficulties. In the 19th Century, this lack of class consciousness prevented the workers from coming together to challenge the exploitations they suffered at the hands of the owners of means of production.

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True

False

Question 33

Radicals of the 19th Century sought to continue monarchical system and maintain the hierarchical social order. They also believed that change has to be slow, incremental, and managed so as to strengthen rather than weaken the structure of authority.

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True

False

Question 34

Liberals of the 19th Century supported expansion of "franchise" which means rights to vote. They believed that social reforms should be accomplished through legislative actions, instead of what they called "mob rule."

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True

False

Question 35

Free housing for the working class was a typical demand of the liberals of the 19th Century. They advocated turning public parks into public apartments for the working-class families.

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True

False

Question 36

Socialism was a response to the visible problems ushered in by industrialization: the intensification of labor, the poverty of working-class neighborhoods in industrial cities, and the widespread perception that a hierarchy based on rank and privilege had been replace by one based on social class.

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True

False

Question 37

Robert Own was an innovative industrialist who designed his textile factory town to resemble military barrack where workers have virtually no reason to leave the factory town. They had everything within the factory compound, including groceries and hospitals. He believed that this kind of working and living arraignment will increase productivity and profit.

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True

False

Question 38

Some socialist advocated "universal male suffrage," which meant that all male member of society has the right to work. They believed that was the only way to give control of society to the working class.

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True

False

Question 39

Social Darwinism served as a theoretical support for economic individualism. To Social Darwinists, it is the responsibility of individuals to survive through challenges of life (which sometimes accompany pain) without intervention from the state or government and come out stronger.

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True

False

Question 40

Socialist thinkers of the mid 19th Century like Karl Marx believed that industrial workers possessed no revolutionary awareness or energy on their own. Therefore, theoretically and philosophically competent philosophers like himself must awake their mind and lead them into the revolutionary movement and challenge the bourgeois domination of society.

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True

False

Question 41

Industrial Revolution created a society that was more complex, ever-changing and to many threatening. In the 19th Century, Europeans cast the "Orient" as a contrasting mirror for their own civilization. The "Orientalism" conjured up popular image and belief that the "Orient" was more sensual and mystical than the highly industrialized, developed, and organized Europe or the West.

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True

False

Question 42

Nationalism advocated developing national economies and infrastructures: larger, stronger, better integrated, and more effective system of banking, trade, transportation, production, and distribution. In order for this to happen, Nationalist believed that national identity, comprised of national language, characteristics, rituals, and even songs, must be developed.

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True

False

Question 43

To Romanticist thinkers and artists, "nature" was like the monstrously strong, imposing and threatening Goliath. Human beings then must challenge and overcome it by using their cleverness and smart as David had done in the Bible. He is recorded as knocking down and defeated Goliath with a sling shot.

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True

False

Question 44

In the second half of the 19th Century the "White Collar" workers became an important part of the economy and production. Office managers were part of the newly emerging "White Collar" labor force.

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True

False

Question 45

A wider use of steel and electricity, which vastly expanded scope, scale, and speed of industrial production, is a symbol of the Second Industrial Revolution.

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True

False

Question 46

In the late 19th Century, the rise of consumerism led to development of the advertising industry. Lavishly illustrated posters advertised concert halls, soaps, bicycles, alcoholic drinks, and sewing machines, enticing people to spend money. However, consumerism and advertisement did not affect or benefit the working-class that was instilled with the message that "a penny saved is a penny earned." Buying new things was considered almost unethical to the working-class.

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True

False

Question 47

"It is the soul that sees...." "I did not paint it to be understood." These words capture the essence of Romanticism in painting.

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True

False

Question 48

Liberals of the 19th Century insisted that individual liberty and freedom are NOT universal. Only the members of society who have demonstrated their ability to be productive and enterprising should be guaranteed of them. In other words, to a lazy and unintelligent people, individual liberty and freedom will only add to their unproductiveness and lead to self-destruction.

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True

False

Question 49

Romanticism marked a reaction against the Classicism of the eighteenth Century and the Enlightenment. Instead of reason, discipline, and harmony, Romanticism stressed emotion, freedom, and imagination. Romanticism prized intense individual experience and considered intuition and emotion as better guides to truth and human happiness than reason.

Select one:

True

False

Question 50

The Communist Manifesto cries out, "Men and Women of the world unite! You have nothing to lose but your chains!" This is a fitting rallying cry of the International Communist movement.

Select one:

True

False

Explanation / Answer

1. True, the 19th century saw the working class group integrating with the urban middle class in some social situations.

2. True, there was a group of elite working class which formed the movers and shakers of the industrial era.

3. True. There was a better connectivity between the factories and the market for the finished goods.

4. True. James Watt invented the steam engine and ran the first test in London.

5. True. The colonies were used for the raw materials for the industries back in Europe.

6. True. The Church of England propagated the Protestant ethic of worktop increase the workers motivation to work.

7. True. Child labour protection acts had began to be introduced and children were largely kept away from hazardous work conditions such as mining.

8.true. This was the arrangement of the textile industry where the cotton plantations were in the Southern United States and the final product was manufactured in Northern America and the United Kingdom.

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