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Review View Help Tell m ice are ready to be installed, but first we need to close some apps. Update now A1. What percentage of U.S. adults have a mental disorder in a given year according to current estimates? (1 point) A2. What percentage of U.S. adults has a serious mental disorder in a given year according to current estimates? (1 point) A3. What percentage of U.S. adults will have a mental disorder in their lifetime according to current estimates? (1 point) A4. Are you surprised by any of the estimates in A1-A3? Why or why not? (2 points) 2 Part B: Major Depressive Disorder & Persistent Depressive Disorder (12 points) B1. Identify and discuss two risk factors for depression. (3 points) 82. Identify and discuss two symptoms of depression. (3 points) B3. what percentage of the US. adult population has a depressive disorder in a given year? (1 point) B4. How does persistent depressive disorder differ from major depressive disorder? (2 points) B5. Discuss the most interesting thing you learned about depression from reading about it on the NIMH website and explain why you thought it was interesting. (3 points). Part C. Bipolar Disorders (10 points) Bipolar disorders include the presence of manic episodes and/or depressive episodes. C1. What is a manic episode? (2 points) C2. What is a depressive episode? (2 points) C3. Explain the difference between Bipolar Disorder 1 and Bipolar Disorder 2.(2 points) CA. What percentage of the U.S. adult population has a bipolar disorder in a given year according current estimates? (1 point)

Explanation / Answer

B1. Identify and discuss two risk factors of depression

1. Genetic Hypothesis

    Twin studies suggest a genetic factor in the illness because about 50 percent of monozygotic twins are concordant for the illness (concordant refers to twins who are both affected with the illness).Most family studies have shown that major depression is 1.5 to 3 times more common among first-degree biological relatives of people.

2. Biochemical Influences

      Depressive illness may be related to a deficiency of the neurotransmitters norepinephrine, serotonin, and dopamine.

B2. Identify and discuss two symptoms of depression

1. Depressed mood

2. Depressive ideation/cognition

C1. What is a manic episode?

A manic episode is an alteration in mood that is expressed by feelings of elation, inflated self-esteem, grandiosity, hyperactivity, agitation, and accelerated thinking and speaking.

C2. What is a depressive episode?

A depressive episode is an alteration in mood that is expressed by feelings of sadness, despair, and pessimism. There is a loss of interest in usual activities, and somatic symptoms may be evident. Changes in appetite and sleep patterns are common.

C3. Explain difference between Bipolar 1 and Bipolar 2

Bipolar I

     Characterized by episodes of severe mania and severe depression

Bipolar II

    Characterized by episodes of hypomania(not requiring hospitalization)and severe depression

D1. What is the full name of each of the following?

D2. Difference of obsession and compulsion

Obsessions

Compulsion

Compulsions are form of behaviour or mental acts which usually follows obsessions to prevent or reduce anxiety or distress. Insight is present, so that patient realizes the irrationality

D3. Provide an example of obsession and compulsion

1.Washers

2.Checkers

D4. What category of disorders is PTSD classified as in DSM-5?

According to DSM-5,PTSD is included in Trauma and Stress Related Disorders.

D5. Identify one type of traumatic event that may result in onset of PTSD

Post traumatic stress disorder is characterized by recurrent and intrusive recollection of stressful events either in flashbacks (images, thought, and perception) and/or in dreams

E1. Difference between positive and negative schizophrenia

Positive symptoms

Negative symptoms

Excess or distortion of normal functions

It reflects a diminution or loss of normal functions

Hallucinations- auditory, visual, olfactory, gustatory, tactile

Delusions- persecution, grandeur, reference, control, somatic

E2.Describe two symptoms of positive schizophrenia

Delusions- persecution, grandeur, reference, control, somatic

E3.Describe two symptoms of negative schizophrenia

E5. What is the name of mental disorder used to classify people with multiple personalities?

Dissociative Identity Disorder- The person is dominated by two or more personalities of one is being manifest at a time. One personality is not aware about the existence of others. These personalities are usually different and performs complex behavior patterns.

F1. What organization publishes DSM? Full name of DSM?

DSM s the classification of mental disorders by the American Psychiatric Association (APA).

DSM- Diagnostic & Statistical Manual

F2. What organization publishes ICD? Full name of ICD?

ICD-This is WHO’s classification for all diseases &related health problems

ICD- International Classification of Disease

F3. What is the latest version of ICD?What is the name of the psychiatric section of the latest version

ICD-10 is the latest version of ICD. ICD-11 is in development

The chapter V(‘F’) classifies psychiatric disorder as mental & behavioral disorders & codes them on an alphanumeric system from F00 to F99.

G2. Mental retardation was removed from DSM-5. What replaced it?

In DSM-5, American Psychiatry Association, replaced Mental Retardation with Intellectual Disability(Intellectual Developmental Disorder)

Positive symptoms

Negative symptoms

Excess or distortion of normal functions

It reflects a diminution or loss of normal functions

Hallucinations- auditory, visual, olfactory, gustatory, tactile

No hallucinations

Delusions- persecution, grandeur, reference, control, somatic

Absence of delusions

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