HELPFUL INFO--- Begging the Question (Circular Argument) Either: It has a premis

Question

HELPFUL INFO---

Begging the Question (Circular Argument)

Either:

It has a premise that just restates the conclusion, typically in different words, or

It would be impossible to have knowledge of the premises without already having prior knowledge of the conclusion.

The conclusion is not self-evident

Complex Question

Asks a question

The question suggests a range of potential answers

Either:

All of the suggested answers are false; or

All of the suggested answers are misleading; or

There are, or at least might be, other potential answers.

False Dichotomy

A range of options is specified

Either:

All of the specified options are false; or

There are, or at least might be, other options.

Suppressed Evidence

The premises do provide some evidence to believe the conclusion, but

There is another argument against the conclusion, which

Is clearly better than this argument; and

The person should have realized it.

Equivocation

A word or phrase has more than one meaning.

One premise seems true if the word or phrase has the first meaning.

Another premise seems true if the word or phrase has the other meaning.

The support for the conclusion depends on the word meaning the same thing in both premises.

Composition

The premises say that each part of X has property P

The conclusion is that X, as a whole, has property P

Property P is not a type of feature that can be expected to compose.

Division

The premises say that X, as a whole, has property P

The conclusion says that each part of X has property P

Property P is not a type of feature that can be expected to divide.

QUESTION 49 I would be safer if I had a gun, and you would be safer if you had a gun. In fact, any person would be safer if he or she had a gun. Therefore, if we all had guns, we would all be much safer than we are now Circular Reasoning (aka Begging the Question) Complex Question or FalseDichotomy Suppressed Evidence Equivocation Composition or Division QUESTION 50 The violation of any law is punishable by the government authorities. And the law of Gravity is a law, so violations of gravity are punishable by the govenment authorities O Circular Reasoning (aka Begging the Question) O Complex Question or False Dichotomy Suppressed Evidence Composition or Division QUESTION 51 Either I will continue smoking, or I will get fat. I don t want to get fat so I had better not quit smoking Cicular Reasoning (aka Begging the Question) O Complex Question or False Dichotomy Suppressed Evidence Equivocation Composition or Division QUESTION 52 Have you quit smoking crack yet? Please answer with a simple yes or no. Circular Reasoning (aka Begging the Question) Suppressed Evidence Composition or Division O Complex Question or False Dichotomy

Explanation / Answer

1.Begging the question - The conclusion is just rephrased summary of the premises.,which shows circular reasoning

2. Equivocation

The premises are using the word 'law' in two different ways, first law means a regulated system of rules and principles in society, the second law mean conclusion through repeated observation and experiments.

3.False Dichotomy

The argument proposes only two choices, smoking or getting fat, even though though common knowledge suggests that these are not the only two options available to the individual.

4. Complex Question

asks a question limiting the choice of answers to yes or no,without considering other potential answers.

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