List the organs of the GI system and explain the process of digestion, nutrient

Question

List the organs of the GI system and explain the process of digestion, nutrient absorption, digestive enzymes and hormones involved.

Discuss the effects of malnutrition on the GI system (gut mucosal barrier, immune response, etc).

Explain the following surgical procedures and the post-surgical nutritional interventions for each:

Billroth I

Billroth II

Cholecystectomy

Gastric bypass

Nissen Fundoplication

Pyloroplasty

Whipple procedure

Vagotomy

Describe the following procedures:

Upper GI series

Barium swallow

Barium enema

EGD

Colonoscopy

Explain the role of dietary fiber in the treatment of various GI disorders (i.e. constipation, diarrhea).

Explain the rationale, indications and restrictions of a low residue diet.

Discuss nutrition implications and interventions for colostomy and ileostomy.

What are the three different types of diarrhea and the treatment for each?

What types of food/beverages delay gastric emptying?

Develop an outline using the following criteria for each of the conditions listed below:

Blind loop syndrome

Celiac disease

Chylothorax

Constipation

Crohns’s disease

Diverticulitis and diverticulosis

Fat malabsorption syndrome

Gastritis

Gastroesophageal reflux disease

Gastroparesis

Hiatal hernia

Irritable bowel syndrome

Peptic Ulcer

Short bowel syndrome

Ulcerative colitis

Outline Criteria:

Definition

Symptoms

Etiology

Diagnostic tools and abnormal lab values

Medical/surgical treatment

Effects on nutritional status

Nutritional intervention

Explanation / Answer

The organs of the digestive system includes,

The food gets broken down into smaller particles and the process of digestion occurs in stomach and small intestine. Absorption occurs in small intestine and large intestine. The digestive enzymes involved care salivary amylase, pepsin, renin, lipase, bile enzymes and lipase. Hormones involved in this process includes ghrelin, jinsulin, glucagon, vasoactive intestinal peptide.

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