What are some of the ethical issues surrounding genetic counseling? Surrounding

Question

What are some of the ethical issues surrounding genetic counseling? Surrounding prenatal testing? Give an example of a teratogen and how it can affect a fetus in the womb as well as later in life. Choose a specific trait and give an example of the environmental and genetic influences that may contribute to that trait being expressed? How do doctors assess the health of a newborn? Describe the scale. Name and describe 2 reflexes newborns are born with. Name 2 early learning capabilities of newborns. Describe the process of habituation. Give an example of a social interaction between newborns and paroots ASSIGNMENT SUBMISSION Text Submission Attach File ADD COMMENTS Comments

Explanation / Answer

1A) Genetic counselling is a communication problem which deals with human problems associated with occurance or risk of occurance of a genetic disorder

Ethical issues in genetic counsellig are -

Parental testing:

2) A TERATOGEN is an agent which can cause a birth defect .

Examples include certain medictions and chemiicals( ISOTRETINION, an achene drug, Alchohol)

Teratogen are the substances produce function defects in the featus in the womb .They cause in complication of pregnencies such as miscarraaiges and abortions

3A) A GENTICALLY DETERMINED CHARACTERISTIC IS CALLED TRAIT

The most ofen trains are openness, agreableness

environmental and gentical influences -

The expression of gene can be influenced by the environmental factors , Food and excercise are the environmental factors which can effect the gene and external factors such as stress , clean water and airquality

Genes and environment interact , ex Gene-Gene interactions,Mutagens,Transcription factors

4A) Each newborn is carefully examined for problems of every body system and complications.Thought out hospital stay doctors and nurses continously watching for signs of problems and ill ness

The APGAR SOURCE  helps to find breathing problem and other health issues .Each area has a score of 0,1,2, up to 10 .Most of the babies score 8,9 points. 1 or 2 points have been removed because of blue hands feet because of immature circulation The APGAR SOURSE OF 6 or less mean the child needs medical attention

5a) babies can born with 75 refluxes. it means

ROOTING REFLUX: Reluxes began when corner of babys mouth is touched

SUCK REFLUX: Rooting help the baby become ready to suck

6a) Babies grow and develop faster in the first year then other years

Easily learn activities and capabilities of newborn

7a) Habituation is a physciological learning process, where there is decrease in response to stimuli after being repeatedly exposed to it. The concept states that the human may learn to ignore a stimulus because repeated exposure to it .For example a new ringtone may draw your attention and eventually decreases

8a) Toys are the way of socail interaction between the parents and newborn , it is the way of communicating betwwen them. Toys play a vital role of socail communicating between a parent and child, and many expermints have dont with toys and without toys . and the result is the best way to communicate is toys with the newborn

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