Homework Assignment #2 Please answer the following questions, in complete senten
ID: 3474802 • Letter: H
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Homework Assignment #2 Please answer the following questions, in complete sentences and in paragraph form. 1. How Does a single neuron connect to hundred, even thousands, of others? 2. What regulates the neural impulse so that it doesn't fire at random? 3. In evolutionary terms, the central core and limbic system are the oldest parts of our brains. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. What "vegetative" functions does the core regulate? What "primitive" reactions are controlled by the limbic system? What tools do scientists use to study the structure of the brain? Brain activity? Describe the three main functions of the spinal cord. Why is the Peripheral Nervous System called peripheral? Describe the system of "checks and balances" in the autonomic nervous system. If the nervous system resembles a "telephone network," the endocrine system might be described as a "radio broadcast." Explain. 9. How are the endocrine systems of males and females different? How are they alike? 10. How do genes provide continuity and variation over generations? 11. What are the four lobes of the cerebral cortex?Explanation / Answer
First, please post multiple questions as separate questions so that we get enough time to answer all the questions. I have answered 5 questions from the 11.
1) Single neuron connects to thousands of other neurons through synapses, a junction where usually the axon of one neuron is connected to the dendrites of another neuron. Each neuron may have hundreds of dendrites and each dendrite will have another hundred of structures called dendrite spines which is actually the structure that connects with other axons. So, in short, a neuron will have thousands and thousands of structures which can connect to other neurons axons at synapses.
2) A neuron fire when an action potential is generated. The generation of the action potential is strictly controlled. Action potential gets initiated only when the input electrical signal reaches a threshold value. The flow of current is controlled through voltage-gated ion channels, mainly Na and K channels. So, by controlling the flow of ions, the system controls whether action potential has to be generated or not and thereby controlling neural impulse.
4) There are many methods by which structure of a brain can be studies and the most important ones are computer-based brain imaging/scans like CT scan and MRI. Brain function can be studied by PET and functional MRI scans. Electrical activity of the brain can be measured by EEG
5) The main functions of spinal cord include a) They are involved in electrical communication through neurotransmission. b) They generate reflexes i.e. involuntary responses based on stimulus from the brain or peripheral nervous system c) They help in structural rigidity of the body and help in locomotion.
6) The PNS is called "peripheral" because they contain contains all the nerves in the body that lie outside of the spinal cord and brain (which are the CNS) i.e. they have the nerves which lies in the periphery of CNS.
11) The 4 lobes of the cerebral cortex are The frontal lobe, parietal lobe, temporal lobe and occipital lobe.
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