What will happen in the following filtration rate if blood structures with respe

Question

What will happen in the following filtration rate if blood structures with respect to intrinsic controls of glomerular pressure is elevated (Hypertension)? Intrinsic Controls "Renal Autoregulation" Vascular smooth muscle in the afferent arterioles: Tubuloglomerular feedback mechanism works between the tubules and the glomerulus and is directed by the Macula densa cells. What will happen in the following structures with respect to intrinsic and extrinsic controls of glomerular filtration rate if blood pressure is decreased (Hypotension) or there is a decrease in blood volume (blood loss or dehydration)? Intrinsic Controls "Renal Autorequlation Vascular smooth muscle in the afferent arterioles: Tubuloglomerular feedback mechanism works between the tubules and the glomerulus and is directed by the Macula densa cells. The two autoregulatory mechanisms maintain a relatively constant GFR when the arterial blood pressure is in a range between 80 and 180 mmHg However if the mean arterial pressure maintain NFP and GFR

Explanation / Answer

.autoregulation due to nitric oxide and alternation in intrinsic nervous system tone of affaarant arterle. Vessels in response to change in the perfusion pressure.

When there is increase in pressure ther eis stretching of affarant arteriole that cause contraction response od smooth muscle of arteriolar media and thys reduction in caliber raise the resistance to blood flow and decrease in pressure

Tubuloglomerular feedback

Increase affarant arteriolar pressure -increase inGFR --increase solute reabsorpiton in pct-increase fluid delivery to loop of henle and first part of dct -sodium and chloride entry in macula densa-increasevsidium potassium atpase activityv-increase atp hydrolysis. -increase adenosine formation --iincrease calcium release via macula densa cell -inhibitory effects on affarabt arterilar pressurev-decrease in pressure .

In hypotenson affaranta arteriole relax and there is conatriction of efferant arteriole that leads to increase in pressure.

When decrease affarant arteriolar pressure -decrease gfr-decrease reabsorption of solut in pct - decrease sodium and cholride entry in macula densa cell -decrease sosium potassium atpase activityv-decrease adenosine formation -decrease calcium release -decreae in blood pressure.

Effect on sympathetic nervous system

Activation of sympathetic nervous sytem constrict the renal artteriole and decrease renal blood flow and GFR.

Stimulation of jg cell by-

1increase in sympathetic activity by renal nerves.

2increase in circulating catecholamines

3 prostaglandins.

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