Type your answer to each question directly below the question. This assignment r
ID: 3488995 • Letter: T
Question
Type your answer to each question directly below the question. This assignment requires Level 1 Writing Guidelines. 2. Describe similarities amongst these theories. a. Freud and neo-Freudians b. Trait Theory c. Learning Theory d. Humanistic TheoryType your answer to each question directly below the question. This assignment requires Level 1 Writing Guidelines. 2. Describe similarities amongst these theories. a. Freud and neo-Freudians b. Trait Theory c. Learning Theory d. Humanistic Theory
Type your answer to each question directly below the question. This assignment requires Level 1 Writing Guidelines. 2. Describe similarities amongst these theories. a. Freud and neo-Freudians b. Trait Theory c. Learning Theory d. Humanistic Theory
Explanation / Answer
a. Freud is known to be the father of psychology and developed the field of psychoanalysis. He stressed on the importance of chidhood experiences, believing that our personality is formed in the early years of our childhood and if anyone s phasing any problems at the present moment, its root cause lies in those early years of deveopment.
He believed that our mind was divided into 3 parts, preconscious, conscious and unconscious mind it is the unconscious mind that mainly determines our behaviour.
He also divided our personality into 3 parts, first being the ID which works on pleasure seeking principal, second is the EGO, which works on reality principal and the third is the Super Ego which works on moral principals.
Freud also gave the stages of personality development and focussed heavily on the sex drive. He believed that stages of personality development are determined by developing sexuality of the child. He talked about the errogenous zones or parts of the body that give pleasurable feelings, which can become a source of conficts when not satisfied. This conflict can lead to fixaton that is being stuck at a particular stage of personality development.
Neo freudians were the people who felt that freud has placed too much emphasis on the sexuality and the unconscious mind. They developed their own theories which focussed more on the interpersonal aspects determining our personality rather than sexual drives.
The similarity between Freud and Neo freudians was that though neo freudians emphasized less on the sexual drive but still retained many of Freud's original concepts such as the id, ego, super ego and the defense mechanisms. Some of the neo freudians were, Carl Jung, Alfred Adler, Karen Horney and Erik Erikson
b. Trait thoery is a theory of personality which tries to describe a human personality in terms of certain traits that build up that personality. A trait is said to be a consistent, enduring way of thinking, feeling and behaving. Gordon Allport was one of the earliest trait theorists and then Raymond Cattell developed a personality questionnaire, 16 PF basd on 16 source traits.
c. Learning theory is developed by the behaviourists who assume that all behaviour is learned from our environment through tools of conditioning, reinforcement and punishment. John B Watson was the founder of behaviourism and believed that all behaviour could be explained in terms of learning. Major work on classical conditioning has been done by Ivan Pavlov, operant conditioning by B.F Skinner and observational learning by Albert Bandura.
d. Humanistic Theory assumed that people are basically 'good' and have free will, that is the freedom to choose their own destiny. Abrahm Maslow and Carl Rogers were the two major humanists who believed that humans have the pottentaial to become the best that they can be or raching their highest pottential which Maslow reffered to as Self Actualization.
CONCLUSION: All the above points show the various perspectives in the field of psychology which deetermines our personality, way of learning and the understanding of our basic nature.
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