13. According to Korsgaard, what is the major difference that separa animals? Wh
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13. According to Korsgaard, what is the major difference that separa animals? Why does this difference give rise to the study of what is the major difference that separates humans from cthics? 14. Korsgaard introduces the notion of -practical identity. What is a practical idemtity and how does it shape what actions count as moral? 15 Why might one think that widom" s not a genuine vinue? s Ft y does believe that it is? 16. In class, I mentioned that there are two ways in which having a virtuo having a superpower. What are they? 17. What does Foot think the relationship is between the virtue of "courage" and immoral example, robbing a bank)? actions that require exposure to risk to pull-off (for I8. Solomon objects to a reliance on moral principles to decide how to act. What is preferred alternative? Why does he prefer this? 19. What is the virtue of "roughness." according to Solomon? Why does he think that business ethics shouldn't excessively focus on "warrior virtues" like toughness? 20. What are the differenres between capitalism, a simple market economy, state socialism, and market socialism 21. State socialists want a centrally planned economy where state officials decide what gets produced and how those products are distributed. Two natural ways to distribute scarce products are via lotteries or queuing. What are the shortcomings of both of these ways of distributing goods? How do markets supposedly overcome these shortcomings? What is Wright's doubt about the ability of markets to optimally distribute scarce goods? 22. Why do some people think that markets are uniquely good when it comes to the producing the products that people most want? 23. What are externalities and why do markets incentivize the generation of negative extemalities? 24. What is a "prisoner's dilemma" and what does this concept have to do with the efficiency of markets? 25. Why might markets not adequately ration finite resources for use by future generations?Explanation / Answer
According to Korsgaard, humans are distinct from animals in that they possess a unique form of self-consciousness, that is rationality. Because we are rational beings, we are aware of the motives on which we act, and capable of evaluating them as morally good or bad. Thus, human beings have an obligation to sufficiently justify their actions on moral grounds. This ability has an important implication for the study of ethics. Humans are rational beings and therefore we need to which systemize, defend and recommend ‘good’ and ‘bad’ behaviour based on this ability.
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