UNIT 18 REVIE Section Date Check Your Understanding Critical Thinking and Applic
ID: 3504886 • Letter: U
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UNIT 18 REVIE Section Date Check Your Understanding Critical Thinking and Application Questions David has an ultrasound of his common carotid arteries, which shows that his right common carta artery s nearly 90 percent blocked. He wonders how the right side of his brain is getting enough biood if this artery is so occluded. What do you tell him? 2 Your patient presents with severe abdominal pain. Your team orders a CT scan and discovers a large blood clot lodged in the celiac trunk. What organs could this blood clot potentially affect? Why do you think the clot is causing abdominal pain? 3 Certain drugs cannot be taken by mouth because the entire dose of the drug is destroyed in the liver before it ever reaches the general circulation. Explain why these same drugs can be given by injection, either intravenou or intramuscularly. (Hint Consider the hepatic portal system.) 5 Cardiovascular System-Part I: Blood Vessel Anatomy UNIT 18Explanation / Answer
1) The carotid artery :the 2 common carotid artery carry blood up the front of the neck where the pulses can be felt on either sides of the trachea or windpipe, near the jaw at the level of the thrroid cartilage the common caotid artery divides into the internal and external carotid arteries the external carotid supplies blood to the face but the internal carotid they carry blood to the front part of the brain, the right carotid carries blood to the right side of the brain wjicj is responsible for strength and sensations on the left side of the body so disease of the right carotid can cause neurological symotoms of the left half of the body. 2)The clot in the celiac trunck provides oxygenated blood to the foregut,, and it supplies blood to the stomach, the liver , the spleen and the part of the essophagus that reaches into the abdomen and also supplies the superior half of the duodenum and the pancreas, so when clot formation in the celiac trunck these all organs are affected,the clot in the celiac trunck causes abdominal pain because of the lack of the oxygen rich blood to these organs. 3)When the drugs are orally the drug has to undergo first pass metabolism this occurs due to liver and some drugs if given orally they undergo extensive metabolism in the liver and hence the amount or concentration which reached the affected organ will decreases and by this the action decreases so in order the drug reaches the systemic circulation withou any first order metabolism , and by giving orally digestion of drug takes a lot of time so some drugs are injected.by injection there will be 100 % bioavailability. 4)a)the pathway of the embolus from the femoral artery : the embolus travels down in to the superifical and deep femoral artery, if it is travelling down the supeifical femoral artery into the popliteal artery. but if the emoblus is in the deep femoral artery follows the superifcial pathway bu t located deep. b)the pathway of the embolus from the popliteal vein to theexternal iliac vein.
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