Researchers conducted a cohort study to examine the association between a diet h

Question

Researchers conducted a cohort study to examine the association between a diet high in fat and the risk of colon cancer. The researchers believe that vitamin use may be a confounder but they first need to examine whether or not vitamin use is an effect measure modifier. Does Not Take Vitamin Takes Vitamin Total Colon No Colon Colon No ColonColon No Colon Cancer Cancer Cancer CancerCancer Cancer High Fat Diet 1501830 104390254 2220 80 1500 98 2300 18 800 Is daily vitamin use a confounder, effect modifier, both, or neither?

Explanation / Answer

daily vitamin use can be a confounder but not effect modifier.

as the average daily intake of vitamine A,E,C, folic acids were each associated with reduced risk of colon cancer.

there are vit. D receptors in the colon, vit. D binds to these receptors. this can cause oncogenic cells to stop growing or to die.it makes the cancer cells less likely to grow and spread.

not all folic acids are supposed to protect from colon cancer.

vitamin A also have general anticarcinogenic effects.

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