You have obtained complete genome sequences of 100 individuals of teosinte plant

Question

You have obtained complete genome sequences of 100 individuals of teosinte plants (the wild progenitor of maize) and 1(M) individuals of domesticated maize from Mexico (these are inter-fertile populations). I. You find a reduction in genetic diversity (pi on the y-axis) within the 100 maize individuals around position 85 along chromosome 10. This region of reduced genetic diversity contains a gene called ZmETR2 which influences a growth hormone called ethylene. Near to the ZmERT locus, every maize individual has an identical genotype. but as you move up or downstream of that gene. diversity increases. You come to find that the Zn?ERT gene is involved in growth differences between teosinte and maize. Humans turned teosinte into maize through artificial selection of teosinte. Describe this pattern and indicate what evolutionary process is most likely to explain it (4 points). Use selective sweep, hitchhiking and domestication in your answer.

Explanation / Answer

According to the above graph the genetic diversity in both maize and tensonite gradually tends towards lower genetic diversity as the nucleotide moves towards position 85 on the chromosome from 84.

At around 85 to 85.5 nucleotide diversity is the least. Then later it gradually increases as the position of nucleotides move away from 86 position.

As tensonite is turned into maize through the course of evolutionary process selective sweep would increase thereby eliminating the variation among nucleotides of mutation.

As tensonite is turned into maize with time when the selective sweep is prevalent a new neutral mutation might become prevalant in the population resulting in hitchhiking.

Following hitchhiking during course of time artificial and selective pressures on domesticated cultivars the genome of tensonite will be able to shape into that of corn by unifying homoplasy of genetic sequence.

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