What is the OUTPUT of the following C++ code. Show ALL work. #include using name

Question

What is the OUTPUT of the following C++ code. Show ALL work. #include using namespace std; int numberfun(int nums[], int &a, int b) { nums[a] = b; b = a + 10; a = a + nums[a]; int c=nums[4]; for ( int i=3 ; i >= 0 ; i-- ) c -= nums[i]; return c; } int main() { int numbers[] = {2,4,8,16,32}; int iOne = 1; int iTwo = 4; int iThree = numberfun(numbers,iOne,iTwo); for ( int i=0 ; i < 5 ; i++ ) cout << "numbers[" << i << "] = " << numbers[i] << endl; cout << iOne << endl; cout << iTwo << endl; cout << iThree << endl; return 0; } PS: I HAVE ANSWER, I NEED AN EXPLANATION ON HOW THE ANSWER WAS DERIVED. MUCH APPRECIATED

Explanation / Answer

output of the program is below,

numbers[0] = 2
numbers[1] = 4
numbers[2] = 8
numbers[3] = 16
numbers[4] = 32
5
4
2

Explanation:

the given program begins with main() function,
in the main() function, a int array named
"numbers" is declared and initialized with 2,4,8,16,32

another two int variables iOne ,iTwo initialized with
1 and 4 respectively.

another int variable iThree is initialized with
the value returned from numberfun() function.

in the statement,iThree=numberfun(numbers,iOne,iTwo),
the function is called, the control goes to the function
with the specified parameters.

The parameters are Array(numbers),two int variables (iOne,iTwo).

operations in numberfun() function:

In the numberfun() function, parameters received
are nums[] array, &a address of variable "iOne",
b value of variable "iTwo".

&a is reference variable, contains the memory address of ione variable.

the value of a =1
the value of b=4

therefore, in the statement nums[a]=b,b value will
be assigned to a[0].Already a[0] contains 4 ,again
we are assigned b(4) value to that location,therefore
there will no change in the value.

b=a+10; here a =1 ,therefore b=11
a=a+nums[a], here a=1,nums[a]=4, therefore a=1+4,a=5

c=nums[4]
c=32

then comes, the for loop,executed by decrement operator

c will be decremented by the values of the locations
from 0 to 3 in the array.

finally c will be 2
which is returned to the main function

iThree will be contain the value 2 returned from
numberfun() function.

In, the main function(), there comes the for loop.

the loop will be executed for 5 times.

in the loop, the value of the array is displayed one by one.

in the final cout, the value of the iOne,iTwo,iThree values are displayed.

Since we are accessing the value of iOne variable using reference operator(&) in the numberfun()
function, and changing the value of a , it is reflected in the main function.

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