QUESTION 5 ITOTAL MARKS: 25] Q 5(a) Discuss why TCP is suitable for stored strea

Question

QUESTION 5 ITOTAL MARKS: 25] Q 5(a) Discuss why TCP is suitable for stored streaming video applications, but less so for Voice over IP applications Q 5(b) Explain the exponential weighted moving average policy for estimating round trip [4 Marks] [7 Marks] time values for TCP Q 5(c) Consider the following sequence of congestion window values for TCP Reno Describe the policies leading to this sequence and the events occurring to change the policy at various points [14 Marks] Transmission round 2 4 6 Congestion window threshold 32 32 32 32 32 32 32 32 32 32 18 18 2 4 16 32 35 36 10 12 13 2 4 15 16 18 18 18 16 18 19 20 10 18 19 20 10 10 End of Question5]

Explanation / Answer

5a)

UDP, unlike TCP, won’t spend extra efforts on fixing errors with delivery, it’ll proceed with sustaining uninterrupted flow of information. This feature makes UDP more suitable for live video streaming. However, due to the fact that TCP is widely used for various activities on the web, UDP transport protocol might be blocked by some firewalls. Furthermore, TCP is a preferable option for streaming video on demand or for those broadcasts when small delays do not make a big difference.

5b)

When TCP sends a packet, it starts a timer, which will time out when it reaches the computed TimeoutInterval value. For simplicity, only one timer is used, despite the fact that several segments may be in transit at once. For any given packet, there is a sequence number. When the TCP sender receives an ACK for the packet, it stops the timer; the elapsed time is saved as SampleRTT, and provides a snapshot of network conditions. As this value can fluctuate with time, the EWMA is computed using the previous EstimatedRTT and the newly acquired SampleRTT by the equation:

EstimatedRTT = 0.875 * EstimatedRTT + 0.125 * SampleRTT

EWMA:(exponential weighted moving avg) T stepwos

1.Current values having higher value than old values

2.smooth out averages

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