QUESTION 5 ITOTAL MARKS: 25) Q 5(a) Compare the advantages and disadvantages of

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QUESTION 5 ITOTAL MARKS: 25) Q 5(a) Compare the advantages and disadvantages of streaming stored media over TCP vs. UDP [6 Marks] Q 5(b) Consider the scenario given in Figure 5(b). Given the two TCP connections and a bottleneck router capacity of R, explain how TCP works to provide fair bandwidth allocation to the two connections [7 Marks] TCP connection 1 TCP connection 2 bottleneck router capacity R Figure 5(b) [12 Marks] Q 5(c) Suppose TCP Reno is being used as a transport layer protocol. For twenty transmission rounds, indicate the size of the congestion window and threshold value assuming a triple duplicate ACK occurs just after round 9 and a Timeout occurs just after round 17. Assume the initial threshold value is 64. [End of Question 5

Explanation / Answer

According to chegg guidelines if multiple questions are posted, then only firstquestion has to be answered completely and here is the answer for the (a)

The two common problem in streaming stored media are :
1. The media can be stored in compressed state and compressed media has less tolerant than that of uncompressed because lots of data would be taken off in lossy compression which is undetectable by human ears.
2. Time sensitivity of stored media is less than real time media as it can have some tolerance by client application making a cache part of the stream that should be played yet.

Consider UDP
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Advantages:
1. No overhead of TCP connection management
2. Better quality and faster
3. makes use of multiple port

Disadvantages:
1. Requires some kind of control protocol.
2. Can't traverse well through firewalls, routers and NAT (Network Address Translation).
3. Packets lost due to lossy compression reduces the quality below the minimum thfreshold value.

Consider TCP
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Advantages:
1. For the lossy compressed and stored media, it will assure minimum level of sound quality.
2. Traverse through firewalls, routers and NATs easily.
3. No requirement of control protocol. TCP itself has control protocols that can piggyback.

Disadvantages:
1. Because of TCP connection management , throughput can be lower.
2. Not a good idea to use multiple TCP connections for the same and single stream.

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