X-chromosome dosage compensation occurs early in female embryogenesis, when one

Question

X-chromosome dosage compensation occurs early in female embryogenesis, when one of the

female X chromosomes becomes highly compacted in a transcriptionally [____] chromosome called a

Barr body. The mechanism that detects the presence of two X chromosomes in the female embryo

involves a region of the X chromosome, the [____], where the Xist gene expression is either activated

to produce the [____], chromosome-coating Xist RNA, or it is inhibited to block synthesis of [____],

causing that randomly selected X chromosome to be [____].

(1) active; X-activation center; inhibitory; Xist RNA; inactive

(2) repressed; silenced chromatin; activating; Barr-body RNA; active

(3) inactive; centromere; inactivating; all RNA; repressed

(4) inactive; X-inactivation center; inactivating; Xist RNA; active

(5) dormant; chromatin-inactivation center; stimulatory; mRNA; functional

Explanation / Answer

(2) repressed; silenced chromatin; activating; Barr-body RNA; active

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