Question 7. 7. (TCO 6) Gretchen has had repeated UTIs and her doctor has prescri

ID: 59975 • Letter: Q

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Question 7.7. (TCO 6) Gretchen has had repeated UTIs and her doctor has prescribed several courses of a cephalosporin antibiotic, cephalexin, to clear up her infection. Her UTI symptoms have cleared up but now she is having another problem—diarrhea.
(a) What bacterium is the likely cause of her diarrhea? How is her diarrhea related to her antibiotic usage (15 points)?
(b) Cephalosporins are broad-spectrum antibiotics. What characterizes an antibiotic as broad spectrum rather than narrow spectrum? Why don’t doctors always treat infections with broad-spectrum antibiotics (15 points)? (Points : 30)

Explanation / Answer

(a) The bacterium which is responsible for the diarrhea in this case is Clostridium difficile. Repeated use of antibiotics will distroy the natural bacterial flora in the body which will lead to secondary infections like diarhoea caused by clostridium difficile.

(b) The characteristic of a broad-spectrum antibiotics are they should act on wide range of bacteria, they should act on both GRAM +VE and GRAM -VE bacteria. They may be used when disease causing bacteria become resistant to narrow spectrum bacteria. Narrow-spectrum antibiotics are effective against specific group of bacteria.

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Question 7. 7. (TCO 6) Gretchen has had repeated UTIs and her doctor has prescri

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