8. [21 of vari gallons per day). Determine: Water treatment plant needs to softe

Question

8. [21 of vari gallons per day). Determine: Water treatment plant needs to soften water containing the below concentration e. Assume the pH is near neutral and that the flowrate is 1.7 MGD (million ous constituents a) the total hardness (mg/L as CacOs) b) the total alkalinity (mg/L as CaCO3) c) b ased on the i on balance, does the analysis appear to be missing some ions? ay the total amount of sludge (CaCOs and Mg(OH)2) produced by the softening process (in kg/day) Constituent Concentration (mg/L as CaCOs) 60 190 336 150 CO2(aq) Ca2+ Mg2* Nat HCO3 SO42 Cl 250 162

Explanation / Answer

1 Total harness is due to multivalent cation generally of charge+= due to ca, and mg=190+336=526mg/l as caco3

2 alkalinity is due carbonate ions and equal to 177mg/l

3. Yes various carbonate ions are missing l.e. H2CO3, HCO3-, CO3--

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