Compare the acid or base strength of the following compounds and explain your or

Question

Compare the acid or base strength of the following compounds and explain your ordering by explaining in terms of the difference in the structure.
a. Perchloric, chloric, chlorous and hypochlorous acids
b. Water, hydrogen sulfide, hydrogen sellenide and hydrogen telluride
c. SO42-, Cl-, CN-
d. NH3, H2O, F-

Explanation / Answer

a] perchloric > chloric > chlorous > hypochlorous acid strength decreases in this order as, down the order, the covalent character of the bond between oxygen & hydrogen becomes more strongly covalent and H loss is diffcult. also perchlroic conjugate base is stablilized by resonance, which is less for chloric => lesser stability of anion and so on b]these are all grp 16 hydrides. acidity increases for the hydrides down the grp. This is bcos, down the grp size of the atom increases, the strength of the covalent bond between the atom and H decreases and the H is lost easier, thus ioncreasing acidity. sp, H2Te > H2Se > H2S >H2O c] SO42- F-

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