Compare and contrast various national ambient air quality standards for criteria
ID: 802078 • Letter: C
Question
Compare and contrast various national ambient air quality standards for criteria pollutants prevalent in USA, Canada, European Union, and major nations in Asia (China, India, Japan, S. Korea and Singapore). Convert the various national ambient air quality standards for ozone and SO_2 (in concentration units) prevalent in USA. Canada. Europe, and Asia from ppm 10 mu g/m^3 and vice versa in order to compare. Show all calculations and state all assumptions made. Review the National Research Council Report titled "Global Sources of Local Pollution" (http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record id=12743). This has been provided as a reading material in this course. Discuss the impact of global wind circulation patterns on intercontinental transport of pollutants. From recent literature, cite a few relevant examples that highlight the impact of long-range transport of biomass burning on local/urban and/or regional air quality.Explanation / Answer
Answer 1:
Ambient air quality standards for USA, canada, european unions and asia are as follows:
Standard USA Canada European union India
Sulphur dioxide(ppb) 140 115 48 80
Nitrogen dioxide(ppb) 53 53 21 40
Ozone (ppb) 80 65 60 100
Carbon monoxide(ppm) 9 13 9 2
Lead(microgram/cm3) 1.5 - 0.5 0.50
Fine particulate(microgram/cm3) 65 30 50 60
Answer 2:
Since, 1 ppm = 1000 microgram/ m3 and 1ppb = 0.001ppm
Therefore, for ozone and sulphur dioxide
Standard (microgram/ m3) USA Canada European union India
Sulphur dioxide 0.14*1000=140 0.115*1000=115 0.048*1000=48 0.08*1000=80
ozone 0.08*1000=80 0.065*1000=65 0.06*1000=60 0.1*1000=100
Answer 3:
The pollutants in the atmosphere may disperse via different ways such as horizontal and vertical movement of winds. Vertically most of the dispersion may takes place in the troposphere. And globally circulations takes place in non uniform manner due to the effect of solar energy, and changes according to the seasons.Therefore, the impact on inter continental transport may vary with vertical as well as horizontal movement of wind circulation.
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