the term metabolism refers to the collection of chemical reactions carried out b
ID: 73104 • Letter: T
Question
the term metabolism refers to the collection of chemical reactions carried out by the cells of an organism-typically thousands of reactions. Each reaction is catalyzed by a specific enzyme, and the reactants for an enzyme-mediated reaction are called substrates.
a) In general, enzymes are proteins. Including the terms substrate, active site, and induced fit in your answer, explain the importance of stabilization of enzyme structure by weak interactions, such as hydrogen bonds.
b) with respect to non-competitive inhibitors of enzyme function, what is the significance of stabilization of enzyme structure by weak interactions?
C) how did you use your quantitative assays to determine optimal temperature and pH for cellobiase?
Explanation / Answer
1. Weak Interactions like hydrogen bonds provide accurate working conditions of optimum temperature to the enzyme for successful reaction. Above the optimum temperature, the hydrogen bonds of enzyme break up and enzyme changes its shape to a coiled structure. And the substrate cannot fit into the active site.
At normal optimum temperature, the substrate binds to the active site of enzyme, and being attached together in the complex the substrate converts into product. The product is released and enzyme is left for a new reaction. The manner in which substrate binds to active site, is Induced fit manner.
2. Inhibitors inhibit the enzyme function and reduce the rate of reaction. As described earlier, one of the key inhibitor of enzyme function is the temperature. Each enzyme has an optimum temperature at which it works fastest. Above the optimum temperature, the enzyme cannot work. Other inhibitors like pH, substrate concentration and enzyme concentration also affect the active site and structure of enzyme stability.
Non competitive inhibitor molecules do not fit into the active site of enzyme. It attaches to another part of enzyme thus change the shape of enzyme, so that the enzyme cannot bind to substrate molecule. In this way they reduce the efficiency of working enzymes.
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