Titanium occurs in the magnetic mineral ilmenite (FeTiO3), which is often found

Question

Titanium occurs in the magnetic mineral ilmenite (FeTiO3), which is often found mixed up with sand. The ilmenite can be separated from the sand with magnets. The titanium can then be extracted from the ilmenite by the following set of reactions: FeTiO3(s) + 3 Cl2(g) + 3 C(s) ? 3 CO(g) + FeCl2(s) + TiCl4(g) TiCl4(g) + 2 Mg(s) ? 2 MgCl2(l) + Ti(s) Suppose that an ilmenite-sand mixture contains 24.4% ilmenite by mass and that the first reaction is carried out with a 90.6% yield. The second reaction is carried out with an 87.0% yield. What mass of titanium can be obtained from 1.30kg of the ilmenite-sand mixture?

Explanation / Answer

help: for ease we are taking 20 rather than 24 20% ilmenite from 1.5kg of mixed sand would give 0.3kg ilmenite. FeTiO3 molecular mass - 55.85 + 47.88 + (16x3 = 48) = 151.73 FeTiO3 is 151.73grams per mole. From your 0.3kg thats 300g/151.73g = 1.977moles of reactant. The FeTiO3 reacts on a one to one mole ratio to form TiCl4 so you will have a maximum yield of 1.977moles. TiCl4 has a molecular mass of - 47.88 + (35.5x4 = 140) = 187.88 As above you have 1.977moles of TiCl4. This works out to 187.88 x 1.977 = 371.44grams As you only have a 91.3% yield that's 91% of 371.44g = 339.12grams of TiCl4 STEP 2 Again one mole of TiCl4 reacts to form one mole of Ti We just calculated you have 339.12grams of TiCl4 Molecular mass of TiCl4 is 187.88 Moles in this reaction: 339.12/187.88 = 1.805 This means you should theoretically get 1.805moles of Ti. Atomic mass of Ti = 47.88 Mass of Ti should be 47.88grams * 1.805moles = 86.423grams Because the reaction is only 85.2% yield this gives 85.2% of 86.423 = 73.63grams of

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