In ring species, geographically close populations are genetically compatible and
ID: 78141 • Letter: I
Question
In ring species, geographically close populations are genetically compatible and can mate with each other, but geographically distant populations are incompatible. In the example below each population is compatible with populations that have an assigned number whose difference is only one away. For example, in the diagram below population #2 is compatible with #3 and #1, but not #4 and #5. a. Given what you know about population structure and speciation what would you predict about the (dispersal of individuals within each population? b. Can you think of a natural situation that might match this dispersal pattern? c. As described this represents one large species with many subpopulations. but how would that change if population #2 and #5 became extinct?Explanation / Answer
a)
The interbreeding group are geographically close and the populations are continuously interbreeding. This results in genetic mixing. Each one of the interbreeding populations may have common genetic makeup so that interbreeding is possible.
The farther the populations exist; they evolve into different species and can no longer interbreed.
b)
The Ensatina salamanders form a ring round the Central Valley in California. Adjacent populations of the Salamander appear similar and can interbreed. However, in Southern California, (where ring overlaps)two adjacent populations look distinct and cannot interbreed. So, they behave as different species.
c)
If population 2 and 5 becomes extinct, population 1 will no longer have other population to mix with. So, it becomes a new species. However, population 4 and 3 can interbreed.
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