Calculate the Vital Capacity and enter the total to the nearest 0.1 L inTable1.

Question

Calculate the Vital Capacity and enter the total to the nearest 0.1 L inTable1. VC = TV + IRV + ERV Calculate the Total Lung Capacity and enter the total to the nearest 0.1 L in Table 1 (Use the value of 1.5 L for the RV.) TLC = VC + RV Calculate your breaths per minute by counting your breaths while you breath regularly for one minute (not through the spirometer). Share your data with your classmates and complete the Class Average columns in Table 1. What was your Tidal volume (TV)? What would you expect your TV to be if you inhaled a foreign object which completely obstructed your right main stem bronchus? Calculate your Minute Volume at rest and enter in table above. (TV times breaths/minute) = minute Volume at rest if you are taking shallow breathe (TV = 0.20 L) to avoid severe pain from rib fractures, will the respiratory rate have to increase or decrease to achieve the same minute volume? Exposure to occupational hazards such as coal dust, silica dust, and asbestos may lead to fibrosis, or searing of lung tissue. With this condition, the lungs become stiff and have "recoil" What would happen to TLC and VC under these conditions?

Explanation / Answer

14.1. Tidal volume (TV) maybe defined as the normal capacity of the lungs to displace air between one instance of inhalation and exhalatio, without any forceful effort. Obstruction of the bronchioles by any foreign body or allergen, leads to airway blockage due to inflammation of the tubes; in severe cases which may lead to acute respiratory disorders. In such cases Tidal Volume (TV) decreases and the person needs to be put on ventilation.

14.2. Respiratory rate is inversely proportional to the Tidal Volume (TV); hence to avoid pain, rapid and shallow breath will increase the repiratory rate of the person.

14.4. Due to continuous exposure to chemical hazards, such as silica dust and asbestos etc, the lung tissue becomes thickened, stiff and scarred; this condition is known as pulmonary fibrosis. As a result, due to constriction in the alveoles, a restricitve ventilatory defect is typically seen, where TLC and VC both reduce.

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