1. NaCl is an ionic solid. The Na+ and Cl? ions in NaCl are bonded through an el
ID: 815061 • Letter: 1
Question
1. NaCl is an ionic solid. The Na+ and Cl? ions in NaCl are bonded through an electrostatic force of attraction commonly known as the ionic bond. Water is a polar solvent. The oxygen atom, being more electronegative, attracts the electron cloud toward itself. As the electron cloud is pulled by the oxygen atom, it carries a partial negative charge, and the hydrogen atoms carry a partial positive charge. This partial separation of charges in the water molecule makes it polar.
Which intermolecular forces contribute to the dissolution of NaCl in water?
Select all that apply.
2. Suppose that NaCl is added to hexane instead of water. Which of the following intermolecular forces will exist in the system?
Select all that apply.
ion-dipole forces ion-ion forces dipole-dipole forces hydrogen bondingExplanation / Answer
1)
NaCl is the poster-compound for ionic bonding. The bonds in NaCl have about 70% ionic character, making the bonds highly polar. It's an overstatement to say that there are actual ions in NaCl with +1 and -1 charges, but the actual charges of Na and Cl are indeed close to the expected +1 and -1, respectively. Since NaCl exists as a network of highly charged particles, and not discrete molecules, NaCl does not exhibit intermolecular forces.
Water molecules on the other hand do exhibit London dispersion forces, Keesom forces (dipole-dipole attraction) and hydrogen bonding.
The polar water molecules are attracted to the polarized Na and Cl atoms. This is what allows NaCl(s) to dissolve and ionize in water. Therefore, the type of attraction responsible for the ionization of NaCl is ion-dipole attraction.
2)
answer was London dispersion force between two hexane molecules
Ion-ion force between Na+ and Cl? ions
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