Cells are activated during the immune response, which of the human RNA polymeras
ID: 81833 • Letter: C
Question
Cells are activated during the immune response, which of the human RNA polymerases catalyze the primary transcripts for specific cytokines and receptors? Prokaryotic RNA Polymerase RNA polymerase I RNA Polymerase II RNA Polymerase drains from the thoracic duct into which of the following blood vessels? Hepatic Portal vein Subclavian vein Common Iliac arteries Pulmonary vein Hepatic artery After immature dendritic cells conduct phagocytosis in tissues, they differentiate and normally present pathogen antigens obtained by phagocytosis on which of their surface molecules? CCR5 MHC class I MHC class II either MHC class I or MHC class II B7 (CD80/86) molecules Which of the following can recognize and bind to pathogen peptide antigens presented on self MHC of mature dendritic cells? B cell receptor that specifically binds to the antigen The specific binding I cell receptor The specific binding B cell antigen receptor and co-receptor The co-receptors CD 4 or CD 8 CD 28 When mature naive B cells are activated they undergo which of the following? Affinity maturation and class switching proliferation followed by differentiation into plasma cells and some memory B cells proliferation followed by differentiation immediately into memory B cells all of the above choices arc correct Only answers a and b are correct Which the process is conducted by mature naive B-cells to express both IgM and IgD at the same time on their plasma membranes dial bind specifically to the same antigen? Splicing the DN A genes for heavy chains and light chains Alternative splicing of the primary transcript to produce either mRNA with a mu constant segment or mRNA with a delta constant segment Modification of the polypeptide chains for IgM or by splicing them at different sites to form IgD two separate genes, one for IgM and one for IgD, are expressed in the same B cell Allelic exclusion produces the two different isotypes of B cell receptors Which DNA gene is rearranged first in developing T -cells? beta-chain gene IL-2 gene heavy chain gene light chain gene alpha-chain gene What is the function of protease inhibitors used to treat HIV AIDS? it blocks new the start of new HIV infections of human cells it blocks HIV replication in infected cells containing HIV proviruses it blocks on going HIV replication by inhibiting die HIV proteasc from cleaving the long gag and pol polypeptide chains into functional IIIV core proteins and enzymes d it blocks transcription HIV genes by the host cell KNA polymerase II Both answers choices b and c are correctExplanation / Answer
1. Option c.
2.Option b. The lymph fluid should be drained .So it returns to blood stream .The right lymphatic duct empties itself into subclavian vein.
3.Option c. Dendritic cells are antigen presenting cells, using MHC class II molecules, to activate T- cells.There are receptors like CD86, CD80 and CD40 that enhance their ability to activate T cells. But to bind to peptide antigen, MHC II is used.
4. Option D. The dendritic cells can activate CD4 helper T cells and CD8+ T cells .
5.Option e. Activated Bcells undergo 2 step differentiation process. In first step, activated B cells proliferate, may undergo immunoglobulin class switching and differentiate into plasmablasts. Second step is the activated B cells entering a lymphoid follicle and undergo proliferation,immunoglobulin class switching, affinity maturation and then generating memory Bcells and long lived plasma cells.
6. Option b.The simultaneous synthesis of IgM and IgD on a single B cell is made possible by alternate splicing of the primary RNA transcript
8. Option c. Protease inhibitors prevent viral replication by selectively binding to viral proteases. They also block proteolytic cleavage of protein precursors, that are necessary for production of those infectious virions.
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